< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃nṓgʰs
Proto-Indo-European
Alternative reconstructions
- *h₃nógʷʰ-s
Noun
*h₃nṓgʰs m[1]
- nail (of the finger or toe)
Inflection
Athematic, amphikinetic | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | |||
nominative | *h₃nṓgʰs | ||
genitive | *h₃negʰés | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative | *h₃nṓgʰs | *h₃nógʰh₁(e) | *h₃nógʰes |
vocative | *h₃nógʰ | *h₃nógʰh₁(e) | *h₃nógʰes |
accusative | *h₃nógʰm̥ | *h₃nógʰh₁(e) | *h₃nógʰm̥s |
genitive | *h₃negʰés | *? | *h₃negʰóHom |
ablative | *h₃negʰés | *? | *h₃negʰmós |
dative | *h₃negʰéy | *? | *h₃negʰmós |
locative | *h₃négʰ, *h₃négʰi | *? | *h₃negʰsú |
instrumental | *h₃negʰéh₁ | *? | *h₃negʰmís |
Derived terms
- *h₃nogʰ-éh₂
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *nagā́ˀ[2]
- Latgalian: nogs
- Latvian: nags
- Lithuanian: nagas, naga
- Old Prussian: nage
- Proto-Slavic: *noga (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *nagā́ˀ[2]
- *h₃nógʰ-u-s ~ *h₃n̥gʰ-éw-s[3][4]
- Proto-Anatolian:
- Hittite: 𒊭𒀭𒆪𒉿𒄿 (ša-an-ku-wa-i)
- Luwian: [script needed] (ta-am-mu-ga /tammūga/)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *nagutis[5]
- Lithuanian: nagùtis
- Old Prussian: nagutis
- Proto-Slavic: *nogъtь (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Celtic: *angʷīnā (< later *h₃n̥gʰ-ú-s[4]) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic:
- Ancient Greek: ὄνυξ (ónux)
- Proto-Italic: *ungus (or < later *h₃n̥gʰ-ú-s)[4]
- Latin: unguis (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Tocharian: *mekwā
- Tocharian A: maku
- Tocharian B: mekwa
- Proto-Anatolian:
- *h₃nógʰ-l̥ ~ *h₃négʰ-n̥s[6]
- >? Proto-Albanian:
- Albanian: nyell
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hnágr̥
- Proto-Iranian: *Hnágr̥[6]
- Old Median: *nagr̥
- Talysh: nangыr
- Wakhi: [script needed] (diɣ̌ə́r), [script needed] (digə́r)
- Old Median: *nagr̥
- Proto-Iranian: *Hnágr̥[6]
- ⇒ *h₃nogʰl-ó-s[4][7]
- Proto-Germanic: *naglaz[7] (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *unglā[4]
- Latin: ungula (see there for further descendants)
- ⇒ *h₃nógʰl-is ~ *h₃n̥gʰl-éys[6]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hángriš[6]
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hángriš
- Sanskrit: अङ्घ्रि (aṅghri)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hángriš
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hángriš[6]
- >? Proto-Albanian:
Descendants
- Armenian: *unug- (< accusative *h₃nógʰ-m̥)[8]
- Old Armenian: եղունգն (ełungn) (+ *-n (body part suffix))
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hnā́kš (see there for further descendants)
References
- Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
- Derksen, Rick (2015), “naga”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 327
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ὄνυξ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1086-1087
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “unguis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 641
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “naga”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 355
- Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2012), “Avestisch nāf° und nabā.-: Flexion und Wortbildung”, in Schindlers Listen: Ein Vierteljahrhundert Jochem-Schindler-Lehre, volume 13, Wien
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 254-255