Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃neyd-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative forms

*(h₃)neyd-[1]

Root

*h₃neyd-[2][3]

to revile, insult

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃neyd-

*h₃ni-né-d-ti ~ h₃ni-n-d-én-ti (nasal infix present)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hníndati
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hníndati
    - Sanskrit: निन्दति (níndati)[4]
      - Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀡𑀺𑀁𑀤𑀇 (ṇiṃdaï)
      - Pali: nindati
*h₃néyd-s-t (s-aorist)
- Proto-Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: անէծ (anēc)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HáHnaytˢt
  - Proto-Iranian: *HáHnayst
    - Younger Avestan: 𐬥𐬁𐬌𐬯𐬙‎ (nāist)[5]
*h₃noyd-éye-ti (iterative)
- Proto-Germanic: *naitijaną (see there for further descendants)
*h₃nid-éh₁ye-ti ~ *h₃nid-éh₁ye-nti (stative)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic:[6]
  - Lithuanian: níedėti
  - Latvian: nîdêt
*h₃néyd-os
- Proto-Hellenic: *oneidos
  - Ancient Greek: ὄνειδος (óneidos)[6]

References

Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*(h_x)neid-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 313
Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₃nei̯d-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 303
Pokorny, Julius (1959), “neid-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “níndati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*Hnaid”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 182
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ὄνειδος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1082

[1] Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*(h_x)neid-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 313

[2] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₃nei̯d-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 303

[3] Pokorny, Julius (1959), “neid-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag

[4] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “níndati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

[5] Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*Hnaid”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 182

[Beekes-6] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ὄνειδος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1082