Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃elh₁-

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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃elh₁-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

• *h₁elh₃-[1]

Root

*h₃elh₁-

1. to fall, to collapse
2. to destroy/be destroyed

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃elh₁-

• *h₂po-h₃lh₁- (compound with *h₂pó)
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Latvian: pult
    • Lithuanian: pulti (“to fall”)[2]
    • Old Prussian: aupallai[3]
  • Germanic: (possibly) *fallaną[4][5] (see there for further descendants)
  • Hellenic:
    • ⇒ Ancient Greek: ἀπόλλῡμι (apóllūmi)
  • Italic:
    • >? Latin: aboleō[6] (see there for further descendants)
• *h₃elh₁-dʰro-
  • Proto-Hellenic: *óletʰros
    • Ancient Greek: ὄλεθρος (ólethros)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Anatolian:
    • Hittite: [script needed] (hu-ul-la-a-i, “he defeated, destroyed”)
  • Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: եղեռն (ełeṙn) (see there for further descendants)
    • Old Armenian: եղծ (ełc) (probably) (see there for further descendants)
    • Old Armenian: աղունք (ałunkʿ)
    • Old Armenian: աղէտ (ałēt) (possibly) (see there for further descendants)
  • Celtic:
    • Brythonic:
      • Middle Breton: el-boet (“hunger”)
        • Breton: ol-buid (“food shortage”)
    • Old Irish: el-tes (“tepidity”) (possibly)
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • >? Russian: лома́ть (lomátʹ) (possibly from metathesis of Proto-Slavic *olmati, but more likely from ломи́ть (lomítʹ))
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ὄλλῡμι (óllūmi, “to wreck, to destroy, to lose; to go to waste, to be ruined, to be lost”)
    • Ancient Greek: ὀλέκω (olékō, “to ruin, destroy, kill”)

References

1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1069f
2. Derksen, Rick (2015), “pulti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 372
3. Mažiulis, Vytautas (1988), “aupallai”, in Prūsų kalbos etimologijos žodynas [Etymological dictionary of Old Prussian] (in Lithuanian), volume 1, Vilnius: Mokslas, pages 119–120
4. Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
5. Philippa, Marlies; Debrabandere, Frans; Quak, Arend; Schoonheim, Tanneke; van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009), “vallen”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press
6. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001) Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 298
• Pokorny, Julius (1959), “ol-(e)-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 777
• Pokorny, Julius (1959), “⁵el-, ol-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 306