Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eysd-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction

The Indo-Iranian descendants are well established, and likely so is the Germanic. The δ in the Greek descendant is problematic to Beekes, but semantically it fits the root.

Etymology

An extension of *h₂eys- (“to wish”).

Root

*h₂eysd-[1]

to laud, honour

Derived terms

*h₂éysd-e-ti ~ h₂éysd-o-nti (thematic present)
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: αἴδομαι (aídomai, “to be ashamed; to honour, respect”)[2]
*h₂isd-sḱé-ti ~ *h₂isd-sḱó-nti (sḱe-present)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hiždŝćáti
  - Proto-Iranian: *Hiždŝáti
    - Avestan: 𐬌𐬱𐬀𐬯𐬁‎ (išasā, 1.sg.subj)[3]
*h₂eysd-éh₁ye-ti ~ *h₂eysd-éh₁ye-nti (stative)
- Proto-Germanic: *aistāną (see there for further descendants)
*h₂i-h₂éysd-ti ~ *h₂í-h₂isd-n̥ti (reduplicated athematic present)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HiHáyšti
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HiHáyṣṭi
    - Sanskrit: ईट्टे (ī́ṭṭe)
*h₂óysd-e ~ *h₂isd-ḗr (root perfect)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hížday
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Híẓḍay
    - Vedic Sanskrit: ईळे (ī́ḷe) (probably synchronically formed)
    - Sanskrit: ईडे (ī́ḍe)
*h₂eysd-os
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - >? Ancient Greek: αἰδώς (aidṓs)[4]

References

Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₂eyi̯sd-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 260
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “αἴδομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 34
Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*Haižd”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 160
Meissner, Torsten (2005) S-Stem Nouns and Adjectives in Greek and Proto-Indo-European: A Diachronic Study in Word Formation (Oxford Classical Monographs)‎, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 143

[1] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₂eyi̯sd-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 260

[2] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “αἴδομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 34

[3] Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*Haižd”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 160

[4] Meissner, Torsten (2005) S-Stem Nouns and Adjectives in Greek and Proto-Indo-European: A Diachronic Study in Word Formation (Oxford Classical Monographs)‎, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 143