Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ewlós

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Unknown. Possible so-called "chiming root" with *kawlós, whence Ancient Greek καυλός (kaulós, “stem, shaft”), Proto-Balto-Slavic *káuˀlas (“bone”).[1]

Noun

*h₂ewlós[2]

something hollow, hollowed out

Inflection

Thematic
	singular
nominative	*h₂ewlós
genitive	*h₂ewlósyo
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*h₂ewlós	*h₂ewlóh₁	*h₂ewlóes
vocative	*h₂ewlé	*h₂ewlóh₁	*h₂ewlóes
accusative	*h₂ewlóm	*h₂ewlóh₁	*h₂ewlóms
genitive	*h₂ewlósyo	*?	*h₂ewlóHom
ablative	*h₂ewléad	*?	*h₂ewlómos
dative	*h₂ewlóey	*?	*h₂ewlómos
locative	h₂ewléy, h₂ewlóy	*?	*h₂ewlóysu
instrumental	*h₂ewlóh₁	*?	*h₂ewlṓys

Alternative reconstructions

*awlós[3]

Derived terms

>? *h₂éwl-ih₂ ~ *h₂ul-yéh₂-s
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *aulī́ˀ
  - Proto-Slavic: *ùlica (“passage, street”) (see there for further descendants)

*h₂éwl-u-s ~ *h₂ul-u-éw-s
- >? Proto-Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: ոլոք (olokʿ, “shin”)
- ⇒? *h₂ewlu-h₁ēn[4]
  - Proto-Tocharian:
    - Tocharian B: auloñ (“(blood) vessels”)
  - >? Proto-Tocharian: *olyä f (“boat”) (< earlier *oluyä (< *h₂ulu-h₁n̥))[5]
    - Tocharian A: olyik
    - Tocharian B: olyi

*h₂ewl-yo-s[6][7]
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *aulios[6]
  - East Baltic:
    - Latvian: aũlis (“beehive”)
    - Lithuanian: avilys (“beehive”)
  - Proto-Slavic: *ulьjь (“beehive”) (see there for further descendants)

*h₂ówl-i-s ~ *h₂ul-éy-s[8][7]
- >? Proto-Anatolian:[9]
  - Hittite: 𒀀𒌑𒇷𒅖 (a-ú-li-iš /aulis/, “body part”)

>? *h₂ul-nó-s[10]
- Proto-Armenian:[3]
  - Old Armenian: ուղի (ułi, “road, passage”), ուղ (uł) (see there for further descendants)

Descendants

Proto-Armenian:[11]
- Old Armenian: աւղ (awł, “ring”)
  - Armenian: օղ (ōł)
    - → Georgian: ოღი (oɣi)
Proto-Balto-Slavic: *aulos
- East Baltic:
  - Latvian: aulas (“leg of a boot”)
  - Lithuanian: aũle (“leg of a boot”)
- West Baltic:
  - Old Prussian: aulis (“shinbone”)
Proto-Italic: *alwos (< earler *aulos)[7][12]
- Latin: alvus (“stomach, bowels, womb”) (see there for further descendants)
- ⇒ Proto-Italic: *alwejos
  - Latin: alveus (“hollow, cavity”) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Hellenic: *aulós
- Ancient Greek: αὐλός (aulós, “pipe, tube”)[8] (see there for further descendants)
  - ⇒ Ancient Greek: αὐλών (aulṓn, “hollow, channel, strait”)

References

Güntert, Hermann (1914) Über Reimwortbildungen im Arischen und Altgriechischen; eine sprachwissenschaftliche Untersuchung (in German), Heidelberg: C. Winter, page 154
Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006), “*h₂elwos”, in The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 220
Pokorny, Julius (1959), “au-lo-s (: ēu-l-)”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 88-89
Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “auloñ”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 140–141: “PIE *h₂euluh₁en-”
Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “olyi”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 131: “PIE *h₂(o)uluh₁en-”
Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 508
De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “alvus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 36: “PIt. *aulos”
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “αὐλός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 170
Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008), “auli-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 229–230
Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 442
Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979), “օղ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, pages 612–613
Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 43

[1] Güntert, Hermann (1914) Über Reimwortbildungen im Arischen und Altgriechischen; eine sprachwissenschaftliche Untersuchung (in German), Heidelberg: C. Winter, page 154

[2] Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006), “*h₂elwos”, in The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 220

[IEW-3] Pokorny, Julius (1959), “au-lo-s (: ēu-l-)”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 88-89

[4] Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “auloñ”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 140–141: “PIE *h₂euluh₁en-”

[5] Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “olyi”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 131: “PIE *h₂(o)uluh₁en-”

[EDSIL-6] Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 508

[EDL-7] De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “alvus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 36: “PIt. *aulos”

[EDG-8] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “αὐλός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 170

[9] Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008), “auli-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 229–230

[10] Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 442

[11] Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979), “օղ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, pages 612–613

[12] Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 43