< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/Hreh₁dʰ-
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
Possible reanalyzed root of *h₂reh₁- (“to think; to count”) + *-dʰh₁eti.[1]
Root
*Hreh₁dʰ-[2]
- to think
- to arrange
- to succeed, accomplish[3]
Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hreh₁dʰ-
- *h₂réh₁dʰ-e-ti (thematic root present)[4]
- Proto-Germanic: *rēdaną (“to decide”)[4] (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬭𐬁𐬜𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (rāδaiti, “to correct”)
- *h₂réh₁dʰ-t ~ *h₂r̥h₁dʰ-ént (athematic root aorist)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HáHraHdʰat
- Proto-Iranian: *HáHráHdat
- Avestan: 𐬭𐬁𐬛𐬀𐬝 (rādat̰, “to succeed, accomplish”, 3sg.aor.act.subj.)
- Proto-Iranian: *HáHráHdat
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HáHraHdʰat
- *h₂réh₁dʰ-ye-ti (ye-present)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HráHdʰyati
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HráHdʰyati
- Sanskrit: राध्यति (rā́dhyati, “to succeed”)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HráHdʰyati
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HráHdʰyati
- *h₂roh₁dʰ-éye-ti (eye-causative)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *rā́ˀdīˀtei
- Eastern Baltic:
- Latgalian: rõdeit(i) (“to show, demonstrate”)
- Latgalian: rõdeitõjs (“significative”)
- Latvian: rādīt(i) (“to show, demonstrate”)
- Lithuanian: rodyti (“to show, demonstrate”)
- Proto-Slavic: *raditi (“care about, heed”)[5] (see there for further descendants)
- Eastern Baltic:
- Proto-Celtic: *rādīti (“to talk”)[6]
- Old Irish: rádid, radid
- ⇒ Proto-Celtic: *ambi-rādīti (“to think”)[7]
- Proto-Brythonic:
- Old Welsh: amraud
- Welsh: amrawdd
- Old Welsh: amraud
- Old Irish: imm-rádi
- Proto-Brythonic:
- Proto-Germanic: *rōdijaną (“to speak”) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HraHdʰáyati
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HraHdʰáyati
- Sanskrit: राधयति (rādháyati, “to commit”)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HraHdʰáyati
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *rā́ˀdīˀtei
- *h₂r̥h₁dʰ-néw-ti ~ *h₂r̥h₁dʰ-nw-énti (nu-present)[4]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HraHdʰnáwti
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HraHdʰnáwti
- Sanskrit: राध्नोति (rādhnóti, “to succeed”)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HraHdʰnáwti
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HraHdʰnáwti
- *h₂réh₁dʰ-o-s
- Proto-Germanic: *rēdaz (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HráHdʰas
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HráHdʰas
- Sanskrit: राधस् (rā́dhas)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HráHdʰas
- *h₂réh₁dʰ-eh₂
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HráHdʰaH
- Proto-Iranian: *HráHdaH
- Avestan: 𐬭𐬁𐬛𐬀 (rāda, “trustee”)
- Proto-Iranian: *HráHdaH
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HráHdʰaH
- *h₂r̥h₁dʰ-éh₂[8]
- Proto-Germanic: *radō (“row”)[8](see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥HdʰáH
- Proto-Iranian: *Hr̥HdáH
- Ossetian: рад (rad, “order, row”)
- Proto-Iranian: *Hr̥HdáH
- *h₂réh₁dʰ-tweh₂
- Proto-Germanic: *rēswō (see there for further descendants)
Unsorted formations:
- Proto-Albanian: *raðā
- Albanian: radhë (“row”)
- Latgalian: rẽdeit(i) (“put in order, educate”)
- Latgalian: rẽdynis (“sunday best suit”)
- Latgalian: rẽdeiba (“order, orderliness”)
- Latgalian: rādovoit(i) (“put in order, educate”)
- Latgalian: parāds (“order”)
- Proto-Albanian: *raðā
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*rōdjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 415
- Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
- Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*(H)raHd”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 187
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*rēdan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 408
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*raditi”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 432
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*rād-ī-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 305
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*ambi-rād-ī-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 33
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*radō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 401: “*Hrh̥₁dʰ-eh₂”