< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷréh₂wō
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
From *gʷréh₂us (“heavy”) + *-ō
Noun
*gʷréh₂wō m[1][2][3]
- quern, mill-stone
Inflection
Athematic, amphikinetic | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | |||
nominative | *gʷréh₂wō | ||
genitive | *gʷr̥h₂unés | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative | *gʷréh₂wō | *gʷréh₂wonh₁(e) | *gʷréh₂wones |
vocative | *gʷréh₂won | *gʷréh₂wonh₁(e) | *gʷréh₂wones |
accusative | *gʷréh₂wonm̥ | *gʷréh₂wonh₁(e) | *gʷréh₂wonm̥s |
genitive | *gʷr̥h₂unés | *? | *gʷr̥h₂unóHom |
ablative | *gʷr̥h₂unés | *? | *gʷr̥h₂wn̥mós |
dative | *gʷr̥h₂unéy | *? | *gʷr̥h₂wn̥mós |
locative | *gʷr̥h₂wén, *gʷr̥h₂wéni | *? | *gʷr̥h₂wn̥sú |
instrumental | *gʷr̥h₂unéh₁ | *? | *gʷr̥h₂wn̥mís |
Derived terms
- *gʷérh₂nu-s ~ *gʷr̥h₂nw-és[4] (< metathesized *gʷérh₂un-s ~ *gʷr̥h₂un-és)
- Proto-Armenian:
- Old Armenian: երկան (erkan)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gírˀnūˀ (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *kwernuz
- ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *kwernō
- Proto-Tocharian: [5]
- Tocharian A: kärwañ
- Tocharian B: kärweñe
- Proto-Armenian:
Descendants
- Proto-Celtic: *brawū (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *grā́wā
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *grā́wā
- Sanskrit: ग्रावन् (grā́van)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *grā́wā
References
- Pokorny, Julius (1959), “gu̯er-, gu̯erə-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 476-477
- Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, pages 122-123
- Zair, Nicholas (2012) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 96
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*kwernu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 318
- Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “kärweñe”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 176