Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰelbʰ-

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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰelbʰ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*dʰelbʰ-[1][2][3][4][5]

1. to dig, excavate

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰelbʰ-

• *dʰélbʰ-t ~ *dʰl̥bʰ-ént (athematic root aorist)[5]
  • Proto-Tocharian: (< *delbʰ-) (perhaps)
    • Tocharian B: tsälp (“freed, redeemed”)
• *dʰḗlbʰ-ti ~ *dʰélbʰ-n̥ti (athematic Narten root present?)
  • Proto-Tocharian: *ts'elp- (< *dḗlbʰ-) (perhaps)
    • Tocharian A: śalpatär (“to free, redeem”)
• *dʰl̥bʰ-sḱé-ti (sḱe-present)[5]
  • Proto-Tocharian: (perhaps)
    • Tocharian B: tsälpäṣṣäṃ (“to free, redeem”)
• *dʰelbʰ-e-ti[4]
  • Proto-Germanic: *delbaną (“to dig, delve”) (see there for further descendants)
• *dʰelbʰ-ti[4][3]
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *delbtei
    • Lithuanian: del̃bti (“to lower, cast down (one's eyes), beat; chop”)
    • Proto-Slavic: *delbti (see there for further descendants)
• *dʰelbʰ-tel-o-s[6]
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *delbtelas
    • Proto-Slavic: *dętelъ (“woodpecker”) (see there for further descendants)
• *dʰelbʰ-to-m
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *delbta
    • Proto-Slavic: *delto (“chisel”) (see there for further descendants)
• *dʰl̥bʰ-eye-ti[7]
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dilbīˀtei
    • Proto-Slavic: *dьlbiti (“to hollow, chisel”) (see there for further descendants)
• *dʰl̥bʰ-ti[2][4]
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dilbtei
    • Latvian: dil̃bti (“to lower, cast down”)
    • Lithuanian: dil̃bti (“to lower, cast down”)
    • Proto-Slavic: *dьlbti (“to hollow, chisel”) (see there for further descendants)
• *dʰolbʰ-eh₂[8][4]
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dalbāˀ
    • Latvian: dal̃ba (“tree-trunk, pole, long handle, two-pronged fork, long handle”)
    • Lithuanian: dálba (“lever; lazy-bones”)
    • Proto-Slavic: *dolba (see there for further descendants)
• *dʰolbʰ-o-s[8]
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dalbas
    • Latvian: dal̃bs
    • Proto-Slavic: *dolbъ (see there for further descendants)
• *dʰolbʰ-to-m[4]
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dálbta (see there for further descendants)

Unsorted formations

• Proto-Balto-Slavic:
  • Latvian: dil̃ba (“upper arm, shin”)
  • Lithuanian: dìlba
• Proto-Balto-Slavic:
  • Latvian: delbis (“two-pronged fork”), dȩl̃bs (“forearm”), dȩlbs (“upperarm”), dȩl̃bi pl (“bars for carrying hay”)
  • Lithuanian: délba (“lever, sullen person”)

References

1. Adams, Douglas Q. (1999), “*tsälp-”, in A dictionary of Tocharian B (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 737-738
2. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dьlti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 134
3. Derksen, Rick (2015), “delbti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 120
4. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*delban-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 92
5. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*dʰelbʰ-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 143
6. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dętelъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 107
7. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dьlbiti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 133
8. Derksen, Rick (2015), “dalba”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 113