< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰeh₂-
Proto-Indo-European
Root
*bʰeh₂- (imperfective)[1][2][3]
- to shine, glow light
Extensions
- *bʰeh₂-u-
- *bʰh₂-w-e-ti
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰáwō
- Ancient Greek: φαῦω (phaûō), φάω (pháō)
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰáwō
- *bʰeh₂-w-eh₁-ye-ti?
- Proto-Italic: *fāwēō?
- Latin: faveō
- Proto-Italic: *fāwēō?
- *bʰh₂-we-dʰe-ti
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰawétʰō
- Ancient Greek: φᾰέθω (phaéthō)
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰawétʰō
- *bʰi-bʰh₂-u-sḱéti
- Proto-Hellenic: *pipʰáwskō
- Ancient Greek: πιφαύσκω (piphaúskō)
- Proto-Hellenic: *pipʰáwskō
- *bʰéh₂-w-os ~ *bʰéh₂-w-es-
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰáwos
- Ancient Greek: φαῦος (phaûos), φάος (pháos)
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰáwos
- *bʰh₂-w-es-no-
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰawehnós
- Ancient Greek: φάεννος (pháennos), φαεινός (phaeinós), φαείνω (phaeínō)
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰawehnós
- *bʰéh₂-u-ti-
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰáwtis
- Ancient Greek: φαῦσις (phaûsis)
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰáwtis
- *bʰh₂-w-e-ti
Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeh₂- (shine)
- *bʰéh₂-ti ~ *bʰh₂-énti (athematic root present)
- Hellenic:
- Ancient Greek: φάντα (phánta, “shining”)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáHti (see there for further descendants)
- Hellenic:
- *bʰh₂-n-yé-ti (innovative nasal-infix zero-grade ye-present)
- Proto-Albanian: *banja[4]
- Albanian: bënj (Cham, Arbëreshë, Arvanitika)
- Albanian: bëj (Standard Albanian, Tosk)
- Albanian: bâj (Gheg)
- (probably) Armenian:
- Old Armenian: բանամ (banam)
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰáňňō
- Ancient Greek: φαίνω (phaínō)
- Proto-Albanian: *banja[4]
- *bʰéh₂-ti-s ~ *bʰh₂-téy-s
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰátis
- Ancient Greek: φάσις (phásis), φάτις (phátis)
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰátis
- *bʰéh₂-os ~ *bʰéh₂-es-os
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáHas (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *djuβās < *dyew-bʰéh₂-os
- Latin: iubar (“celestial light, splendor”)
- *bʰóh₂-mo-s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáHmas (see there for further descendants)
- *bʰeh₂-no-s[5]
- Proto-Celtic: *bānos (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *bōnaz
- Proto-West Germanic: *bōn (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáHnas
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰáHnas
- Sanskrit: भान (bhā́na)
- Proto-Iranian: *báHnah
- Ossetian: бон (bon, “day”)
- Sarikoli: [script needed] (vuyn, “light, radiance”)
- Wakhi: [script needed] (voyn, “fire, light”)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰáHnas
- *bʰeh₂-nú-s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰaHnúš
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰaHnúṣ
- Sanskrit: भानु m or f (bhānú)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰaHnúṣ
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰaHnúš
- Unsorted formations:
- Proto-Germanic: *bandwijaną
- Proto-Germanic: *bandwǭ
- Proto-Germanic: *baukną
- Sanskrit: प्सु (psú, “aspect, appearance, form”)
Root
*bʰeh₂- (imperfective)[6][7]
- to speak, say
Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeh₂- (speak)
- *bʰéh₂-ti ~ *bʰh₂-énti (athematic root present)
- *bʰn̥h₂-é-ti (innovative nasal-infixed zero-grade thematic present)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰánati
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰánati
- Vedic Sanskrit: भनति (bhánati) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰánati
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰánati
- bʰh₂-néw-ti ~ bʰh₂-n̥w-énti (innovative nasal-infixed zero-grade athematic present)
- Proto-Germanic: *bannaną (see there for further descendants)
- *bʰéh₂-meh₂
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰā́mā
- Ancient Greek: φήμη (phḗmē)
- Proto-Italic: *fāmā
- Latin: fāma (“fame”)
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰā́mā
- *bʰéh₂-os ~ *bʰéh₂-es-os
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáHšaH (or from *bʰels-)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰáHṣaH
- Sanskrit: भाषा (bhā́ṣā) (see there for further descendants), भाषति (bhā́ṣati)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰáHṣaH
- Proto-Italic: *fās
- Latin: fās
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáHšaH (or from *bʰels-)
- *bʰoh₂-néh₂
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰōnā́
- Ancient Greek: φωνή (phōnḗ, “voice”)
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰōnā́
- *bʰeh₂-mi-s
- Ancient Greek: φῆμις (phêmis)
- *bʰeh₂-mn̥
- Ancient Greek: φῆμα (phêma)
- *bʰeh₂-ni-s
- Old Armenian: բան (ban),
- Proto-Germanic: *bōniz (see there for further descendants)
- *bʰh₂-sḱéti
- Ancient Greek: φάσκω (pháskō)
- *bʰéh₂-ti-s ~ *bʰh₂-téy-s[8]
- Armenian:
- Old Armenian: բայ (bay)
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰátis
- Ancient Greek: φάσις (phásis), φάτις (phátis)
- Armenian:
- *bʰh₂-tó-s
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰatós
- Ancient Greek: φατός (phatós)
- Proto-Italic: *fatos
- Latin: fātus
- ⇒ Proto-Italic: *fatēōr
- Latin: fateor
- Proto-Hellenic: *pʰatós
- *bʰéh₂-tu-s ~ *bʰh₂-téw-s
- Proto-Italic: *fātus
- Latin: fātus
- Proto-Italic: *fātus
- *bʰeh₂-dʰlo-
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *bāˀdlis
- Proto-Slavic: *badli
- Proto-Italic: *fāðlā
- Latin: fābula
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *bāˀdlis
- Unsorted formations:
- Armenian:
- Old Armenian: բառ (baṙ, “word, language, speech”), բանկն (bankn)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *bāˀjakāˀ
- Proto-Slavic: *bajьka (“fable”)
- Armenian:
References
- Pokorny, Julius (1959), “bhā-, bhō-, bhə”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 104-105
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “1. *bʰeh₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 68-69
- Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*baH”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1
- Orel, Vladimir (1998), “bëj ~ bâj”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Cologne: Brill, →ISBN, page 22
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*bāno-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 55
- Pokorny, Julius (1959), “bhā-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 105-106
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “2. *bʰeh₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 69-70
- Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 165
- Allan Bomhard (2015), A Comprehensive Introduction to Nostratic Comparative Linguistics, 2nd edition, Volume 2, p. 16ff