Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þunnuz

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Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þunnuz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From earlier *þunwuz, from Proto-Indo-European *tn̥h₂wús, variant of *ténh₂us (“thin”). Cognate with Sanskrit तनु (tanú), Latin tenuis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈθun.nuz/

Adjective

*þunnuz (comparative *þunnizô, superlative *þunnistaz)

1. thin

Inflection

Declension of *þunnuz (u-stem)

strong declension
	masculine		feminine		neuter
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	*þunnuz	*þunnijai	*þunnī	*þunnijôz	*þunnų, *-jatō	*þunnijō
accusative	*þunnijanǭ	*þunnijanz	*þunnijǭ	*þunnijōz	*þunnų, *-jatō	*þunnijō
genitive	*þunnijas, *þunnīs	*þunnijaizǫ̂	*þunnijaizōz	*þunnijaizǫ̂	*þunnijas, *þunnīs	*þunnijaizǫ̂
dative	*þunnijammai	*þunnijaimaz	*þunnijaizōi	*þunnijaimaz	*þunnijammai	*þunnijaimaz
instrumental	*þunnijanō	*þunnijaimiz	*þunnijaizō	*þunnijaimiz	*þunnijanō	*þunnijaimiz
weak declension
	masculine		feminine		neuter
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	*þunnijô	*þunnijaniz	*þunnijǭ	*þunnijōniz	*þunnijô	*þunnijōnō
accusative	*þunnijanų	*þunnijanunz	*þunnijōnų	*þunnijōnunz	*þunnijô	*þunnijōnō
genitive	*þunnīniz	*þunnijanǫ̂	*þunnijōniz	*þunnijōnǫ̂	*þunnīniz	*þunnijanǫ̂
dative	*þunnīni	*þunnijammaz	*þunnijōni	*þunnijōmaz	*þunnīni	*þunnijammaz
instrumental	*þunnīnē	*þunnijammiz	*þunnijōnē	*þunnijōmiz	*þunnīnē	*þunnijammiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *þunnī
  • Old English: þynne, þinne
    • Middle English: thinne, thin, thunne, thenne, þinne, þynne, thynne, thyn
      • English: thin
      • Scots: thin
  • Old Frisian: thenne
    • Saterland Frisian: tään
    • West Frisian: tin
  • Old Saxon: thunni
    • Middle Low German: dünne
      • German Low German: dünn
      • Plautdietsch: denn
  • Old Dutch: *thunni
    • Middle Dutch: dunne
      • Dutch: dun
        • Afrikaans: dun
        • Berbice Creole Dutch: doni
        • Negerhollands: dun, din
        • → Aukan: deni, doin
      • Limburgish: dön
      • West Flemish: thinne
  • Old High German: dunni
    • Middle High German: dünne
      • Alemannic German: tünn, dünn

        Swabian:

      • Bavarian:

        Cimbrian: dünne

      • Central Franconian:

        Hunsrik: dinn

        Luxembourgish: dënn

      • East Central German:

        Upper Saxon:

        Vilamovian: dynn

      • East Franconian:
      • German: dünn
      • Rhine Franconian: denn, dinn

        Frankfurterisch: [d̥in]

        Pennsylvania German:

      • Yiddish: דין‎ (din)
• Old Norse: þunnr
  • Icelandic: þunnur
  • Faroese: tunnur
  • Norwegian:

    Norwegian Bokmål: tynn

    Norwegian Nynorsk: tynn

  • Elfdalian: tunn
  • Old Swedish: þunder
    • Swedish: tunn
  • Old Danish: thun
    • Danish: tynd
  • Westrobothnian: tunn, tånn, tonn
  • Gutnish: tunnar
  • Scanian: tynðer

References