< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þunkijaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Zero-grade ye-present, pre-Germanic *tn̥g-ye/o-, from Proto-Indo-European *teng-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈθuŋ.ki.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*þunkijaną
- to seem, to appear
Inflection
Conjugation of *þunkijaną (weak class 1 j-present)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *þunkijō | *þunkijaų | — | *þunkijai | *? |
| 2nd singular | *þunkīsi | *þunkijais | *þunkī | *þunkijasai | *þunkijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *þunkīþi | *þunkijai | *þunkijaþau | *þunkijaþai | *þunkijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *þunkijōs | *þunkijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *þunkijaþiz | *þunkijaiþiz | *þunkijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *þunkijamaz | *þunkijaim | — | *þunkijanþai | *þunkijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *þunkīþ | *þunkijaiþ | *þunkīþ | *þunkijanþai | *þunkijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *þunkijanþi | *þunkijain | *þunkijanþau | *þunkijanþai | *þunkijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *þunhtǭ | *þunhtēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *þunhtēz | *þunhtēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *þunhtē | *þunhtēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *þunhtēdū | *þunhtēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *þunhtēdudiz | *þunhtēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *þunhtēdum | *þunhtēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *þunhtēdud | *þunhtēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *þunhtēdun | *þunhtēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *þunkijandz | *þunhtaz | |||
Related terms
- *þankijaną
Descendants
- Old English: þyncan, þynċean
- Middle English: thynken, thunken, thunchen
- Scots: think, me-think
- English: think (“to seem”), methinks
- Middle English: thynken, thunken, thunchen
- Old Frisian: thinka, thinza, thinsza, tinsa
- Saterland Frisian: tinke
- West Frisian: tinckje, tinkje
- Old Saxon: thunkian
- Middle Low German: dünken, dunken
- Low German: dünken
- Middle Low German: dünken, dunken
- Old Dutch: thunken
- Middle Dutch: dunken
- Dutch: dunken
- Limburgish: dönke
- Middle Dutch: dunken
- Old High German: dunken
- Middle High German: dunken, tunken
- German: dünken
- Luxembourgish: dénken
- Middle High German: dunken, tunken
- Old Norse: þykkja
- Icelandic: þykja, samþykkja
- Faroese: samtykkja (only in compounds)
- Norwegian Nynorsk: tykkja
- Jamtish: tykkje
- Westrobothnian: tyttj, tiitj, tyttjes, titjes, tys
- Old Swedish: þykkia, þykia
- Swedish: tycka, tyckas
- Danish: tykkes, samtykke
- Gothic: 𐌸𐌿𐌲𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽 (þugkjan)