< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þreutaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *trewd- (“to harass”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈθreu̯.tɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*þreutaną[1][2]
- to harass, weary
Inflection
Conjugation of *þreutaną (strong class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *þreutō | *þreutaų | — | *þreutai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *þriutizi | *þreutaiz | *þreut | *þreutazai | *þreutaizau |
| 3rd singular | *þriutidi | *þreutai | *þreutadau | *þreutadai | *þreutaidau |
| 1st dual | *þreutōz | *þreutaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *þreutadiz | *þreutaidiz | *þreutadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *þreutamaz | *þreutaim | — | *þreutandai | *þreutaindau |
| 2nd plural | *þriutid | *þreutaid | *þriutid | *þreutandai | *þreutaindau |
| 3rd plural | *þreutandi | *þreutain | *þreutandau | *þreutandai | *þreutaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *þraut | *þrutį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *þraust | *þrutīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *þraut | *þrutī | |||
| 1st dual | *þrutū | *þrutīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *þrutudiz | *þrutīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *þrutum | *þrutīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *þrutud | *þrutīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *þrutun | *þrutīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *þreutandz | *þrutanaz | |||
Derived terms
- *þrautijaną
- *þrautōną
- *þruttōną
- *uzþreutaną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *þreutan
- Old English: þrēotan
- Old Saxon: thriotan
- Middle Low German: drēten
- Old Norse: þrjóta
- Icelandic: þrjóta
- Faroese: tróta
- Norwegian:
- Norwegian Bokmål: tryte
- Norwegian Nynorsk: tryta, tryte
- Old Swedish: þrȳta
- Swedish: tryta
- Old Danish: tryde
- ⇒ Old Danish: fortryde
- Danish: fortryde
- ⇒ Old Danish: fortryde
- ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *uzþreutaną
- Proto-West Germanic: *uʀþreutan
- Old English: āþrēotan
- Old Saxon: āthriotan
- Middle Low German: vordrēten, vordreiten
- Old High German: irdriozan, irdruzzen
- Middle High German: erdriezen, verdriezen
- German: erdrießen (archaic), verdrießen
- Middle High German: erdriezen, verdriezen
- Gothic: 𐌿𐍃𐌸𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽 (usþriutan)
- Proto-West Germanic: *uʀþreutan
Further reading
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- tryta in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- trött in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- förtryta in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- förtreta in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- förtret in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- “træt” in Den Danske Ordbog
- “trett” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*þreutan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 546
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*þreutanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 426