< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þewāną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *þewaz (“slave”) + *-āną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈθe.wɑː.nɑ̃/
Verb
*þewāną[1][2]
- to enslave, to subject
Inflection
Conjugation of *þewāną (weak class 3)
active voice | passive voice | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
1st singular | *þewō | ? | — | ? | ? |
2nd singular | *þewaisi | ? | *þewai | *þewāsai | ? |
3rd singular | *þewaiþi | ? | *þewāþau | *þewāþai | ? |
1st dual | *þewōs | ? | — | — | — |
2nd dual | *þewāþiz | ? | *þewāþiz | — | — |
1st plural | *þewāmaz | ? | — | *þewānþai | ? |
2nd plural | *þewaiþ | ? | *þewaiþ | *þewānþai | ? |
3rd plural | *þewānþi | ? | *þewānþau | *þewānþai | ? |
past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
1st singular | *þewadǭ | *þewadēdį̄ | |||
2nd singular | *þewadēz | *þewadēdīz | |||
3rd singular | *þewadē | *þewadēdī | |||
1st dual | *þewadēdū | *þewadēdīw | |||
2nd dual | *þewadēdudiz | *þewadēdīdiz | |||
1st plural | *þewadēdum | *þewadēdīm | |||
2nd plural | *þewadēdud | *þewadēdīd | |||
3rd plural | *þewadēdun | *þewadēdīn | |||
present | past | ||||
participles | *þewāndz | *þewadaz |
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *þewēn
- Old English: þeowian
- Old High German: dewēn
- Old Norse: þéa, þjá
- Icelandic: þjá
- Norwegian Nynorsk: tjå
- Westrobothnian: tjå
- Gothic: *𐌸𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 (*þiwan) (𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌸𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 (anaþiwan), 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 (gaþiwan))
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*þewēn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 541
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*þegwēnan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 419