< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wōpijaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *weh₂b- (“to call, shout, complain”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *vabiti (“to lure”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈwɔː.pi.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*wōpijaną
- to cry out, to lament
Inflection
Conjugation of *wōpijaną (strong class 7 j-present)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *wōpijō | *wōpijaų | — | *wōpijai | *? |
| 2nd singular | *wōpīsi | *wōpijais | *wōpī | *wōpijasai | *wōpijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *wōpīþi | *wōpijai | *wōpijaþau | *wōpijaþai | *wōpijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *wōpijōs | *wōpijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *wōpijaþiz | *wōpijaiþiz | *wōpijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *wōpijamaz | *wōpijaim | — | *wōpijanþai | *wōpijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *wōpīþ | *wōpijaiþ | *wōpīþ | *wōpijanþai | *wōpijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *wōpijanþi | *wōpijain | *wōpijanþau | *wōpijanþai | *wōpijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *wewōp | *wewōpį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *wewōft | *wewōpīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *wewōp | *wewōpī | |||
| 1st dual | *wewōpū | *wewōpīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *wewōpudiz | *wewōpīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *wewōpum | *wewōpīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *wewōpud | *wewōpīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *wewōpun | *wewōpīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *wōpijandz | *wōpanaz | |||
Related terms
- *wōpaz
Descendants
- Old English: wēpan
- Middle English: wepen
- Scots: wep, wepe, weip
- English: weep
- Middle English: wepen
- Old Frisian: wēpa
- Saterland Frisian: wapia
- Old Saxon: wōpian
- Middle Low German: wōpen
- Old Dutch: wuopan
- Old High German: wuofan; wuoffan (wk)
- Middle High German: wuofen; wüefen (wk)
- Old Norse: œpa
- Icelandic: æpa
- Faroese: øpa, epa
- Old Swedish: ø̄pa
- Old Danish: ø̄pæ
- Gothic: 𐍅𐍉𐍀𐌾𐌰𐌽 (wōpjan)