< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wunskijaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *wunskaz, *wunskō, from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to wish, love”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈwun.ski.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*wunskijaną
- to wish, to desire
Inflection
Conjugation of *wunskijaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *wunskijō | *wunskijaų | — | *wunskijai | *? |
| 2nd singular | *wunskīsi | *wunskijais | *wunskī | *wunskijasai | *wunskijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *wunskīþi | *wunskijai | *wunskijaþau | *wunskijaþai | *wunskijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *wunskijōs | *wunskijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *wunskijaþiz | *wunskijaiþiz | *wunskijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *wunskijamaz | *wunskijaim | — | *wunskijanþai | *wunskijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *wunskīþ | *wunskijaiþ | *wunskīþ | *wunskijanþai | *wunskijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *wunskijanþi | *wunskijain | *wunskijanþau | *wunskijanþai | *wunskijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *wunskidǭ | *wunskidēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *wunskidēz | *wunskidēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *wunskidē | *wunskidēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *wunskidēdū | *wunskidēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *wunskidēdudiz | *wunskidēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *wunskidēdum | *wunskidēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *wunskidēdud | *wunskidēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *wunskidēdun | *wunskidēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *wunskijandz | *wunskidaz | |||
Descendants
- Old English: wȳsċan
- Middle English: wüschen, wischen, wisshen
- Scots: wis
- English: wish
- Middle English: wüschen, wischen, wisshen
- Old Frisian: *wenskia, *wunskia (likely a borrowing?)
- Saterland Frisian: wonskje
- West Frisian: winskje
- Old Saxon: *wunskian
- Middle Low German: wunschen
- German Low German: wönschen, wünsken (Westphalian)
- Plautdietsch: wenschen
- Middle Low German: wunschen
- Old Dutch: *wunsken
- Middle Dutch: (eastern) wonschen, wunschen, (western) wenschen
- Dutch: wensen
- Limburgish: wönsje
- Middle Dutch: (eastern) wonschen, wunschen, (western) wenschen
- Old High German: wunsken, wunscen
- Middle High German: wunschen
- German: wünschen
- → Czech: vinšovat
- → Polish: winszować
- → Rusyn: вінчова́ти (vinčováty)
- → Slovak: vinšovať
- Luxembourgish: wënschen
- Yiddish: ווינטשן (vintshn)
- German: wünschen
- Middle High German: wunschen
- Old Norse: œskja, ýskja
- Icelandic: æskja
- Faroese: ynskja
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: ønske
- Nynorsk: ynskja, ynskje, ønskja, ønskje, ynska, ynske, ønska, ønske
- Jamtish: ønskje
- Westrobothnian: öɳʃ
- Old Swedish: ȳskia, ø̄skia, ønskia
- Swedish: önska
- Old Danish: ȳskæ
- Danish: ønske
- Elfdalian: yönstja
- Gutnish: ynske