< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wrekaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *wreg- (“track, hunt, follow”). Cognate with Latin urgēre (“to be urgent”), Hittite ūrki- (“track”), Tocharian B werke (“to chase, hunt”), Sanskrit व्रजति (vrájati, “to go, walk, move”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈwre.kɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*wrekaną
- to pursue, to drive out
Inflection
Conjugation of *wrekaną (strong class 5)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *wrekō | *wrekaų | — | *wrekai | *? |
| 2nd singular | *wrikizi | *wrekaiz | *wrek | *wrekazai | *wrekaizau |
| 3rd singular | *wrikidi | *wrekai | *wrekadau | *wrekadai | *wrekaidau |
| 1st dual | *wrekōz | *wrekaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *wrekadiz | *wrekaidiz | *wrekadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *wrekamaz | *wrekaim | — | *wrekandai | *wrekaindau |
| 2nd plural | *wrikid | *wrekaid | *wrikid | *wrekandai | *wrekaindau |
| 3rd plural | *wrekandi | *wrekain | *wrekandau | *wrekandai | *wrekaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *wrak | *wrēkį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *wraht | *wrēkīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *wrak | *wrēkī | |||
| 1st dual | *wrēkū | *wrēkīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *wrēkudiz | *wrēkīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *wrēkum | *wrēkīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *wrēkud | *wrēkīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *wrēkun | *wrēkīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *wrekandz | *wrekanaz | |||
Related terms
- *wrakjaną
- *wrakjô
- *wrēkį̄
- *wrēkiz
- *wrēkō
Descendants
- Old English: wrecan
- Middle English: wreken
- English: wreak
- Scots: wreke, wrek, wreik
- Middle English: wreken
- Old Frisian: wreka
- West Frisian: wrekke
- Old Saxon: wrekan
- Middle Low German: wrēken
- Old Dutch: *wrekan
- Middle Dutch: wrēken
- Dutch: wreken
- Afrikaans: wreek
- Dutch: wreken
- Middle Dutch: wrēken
- Old High German: rehhan, wrehhan
- Middle High German: rechen
- German: rächen
- → Luxembourgish: rächen
- German: rächen
- Middle High German: rechen
- Old Norse: vreka, reka
- Icelandic: reka
- Faroese: reka
- Norwegian: reke
- Nynorsk: reka
- Old Swedish: vræka, rwæka
- Swedish: vräka, räka (dialectal)
- Danish: vrage
- Westrobothnian: räka; raka; vräka, bräka
- Gutnish: bräkä
- Gothic: 𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽 (wrikan)