< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wellaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈwel.lɑ.nɑ̃/
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn; wind; roll”). Both *wellaną and o-grade *wallaną were probably created to the archaic zero-grade present *wulaną.[1]
Verb
*wellaną[1][2]
- to well up, spring out, bubble forth
Inflection
Conjugation of *wellaną (strong class 3)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *wellō | *wellaų | — | *wellai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *willizi | *wellaiz | *well | *wellazai | *wellaizau |
| 3rd singular | *willidi | *wellai | *welladau | *welladai | *wellaidau |
| 1st dual | *wellōz | *wellaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *welladiz | *wellaidiz | *welladiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *wellamaz | *wellaim | — | *wellandai | *wellaindau |
| 2nd plural | *willid | *wellaid | *willid | *wellandai | *wellaindau |
| 3rd plural | *wellandi | *wellain | *wellandau | *wellandai | *wellaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *wall | *wullį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *wallt | *wullīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *wall | *wullī | |||
| 1st dual | *wullū | *wullīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *wulludiz | *wullīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *wullum | *wullīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *wullud | *wullīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *wullun | *wullīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *wellandz | *wullanaz | |||
Derived terms
- *walliz
- *wallijaną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *wellan
- ⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *biwellan
- Old Frisian: biwella
- Old Saxon: biwellan
- Middle Low German: bewellen
- Old Dutch: biwellan
- Old High German: biwellan
- Middle High German: bewëllen
- ⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *biwellan
- Old Norse: vella
- Icelandic: vella
- Norwegian: velde
- Old Swedish: vælla
- Swedish: välla
- Danish: vælde
Etymology 2
From Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn; wind; roll”).
Verb
*wellaną[3]
- to roll, toss
Inflection
Conjugation of *wellaną (strong class 3)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *wellō | *wellaų | — | *wellai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *willizi | *wellaiz | *well | *wellazai | *wellaizau |
| 3rd singular | *willidi | *wellai | *welladau | *welladai | *wellaidau |
| 1st dual | *wellōz | *wellaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *welladiz | *wellaidiz | *welladiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *wellamaz | *wellaim | — | *wellandai | *wellaindau |
| 2nd plural | *willid | *wellaid | *willid | *wellandai | *wellaindau |
| 3rd plural | *wellandi | *wellain | *wellandau | *wellandai | *wellaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *wall | *wullį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *wallt | *wullīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *wall | *wullī | |||
| 1st dual | *wullū | *wullīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *wulludiz | *wullīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *wullum | *wullīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *wullud | *wullīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *wullun | *wullīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *wellandz | *wullanaz | |||
Related terms
- *walgōną
- *wallōną
- *walōną
- *walwijaną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *wellan
- Old High German: wellan
- Old Norse: *vella
- Old Swedish: vælla
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*wallan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 571
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*wellanan I”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 453
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*wellanan II”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 453