< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/walþuz
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *wel-, in which case it would be cognate with Hittite 𒌑𒂊𒂖𒇻𒍑 (wellu-š, “pasture, meadow”).[1] Another possibility is from Proto-Indo-European *wolHt- (compare Old Irish folt (“hair”), Old Prussian wolti (“ear (of corn)”), Lithuanian váltis (“oat awn”), Serbo-Croatian vlât (“ear (of wheat)”), and possibly Ancient Greek λᾰ́σῐος (lásios, “hairy”)), but the semantic gap is wide.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈwɑl.θuz/
Noun
*walþuz m
- forest
- Synonyms: *furhiþą, *furhō, *skōgaz, *widuz
Inflection
u-stemDeclension of *walþuz (u-stem) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | *walþuz | *walþiwiz | |
vocative | *walþu | *walþiwiz | |
accusative | *walþų | *walþunz | |
genitive | *walþauz | *walþiwǫ̂ | |
dative | *walþiwi | *walþumaz | |
instrumental | *walþū | *walþumiz |
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *walþu
- Old English: weald, wald
- Middle English: wald, wæld, wold, wolde, wald, walde, weld, welde
- English: wold, weald, wald
- Scots: wald
- Middle English: wald, wæld, wold, wolde, wald, walde, weld, welde
- Old Frisian: wald
- Saterland Frisian: Woold
- West Frisian: wâld
- Old Saxon: wald
- Middle Low German: wôlt, wôld
- Dutch Low Saxon: woold, woud
- German Low German: Woolt, Woold, Wold
- Plautdietsch: Woolt
- Middle Low German: wôlt, wôld
- Old Dutch: walt
- Middle Dutch: wout
- Dutch: woud
- Limburgish: waadj
- Middle Dutch: wout
- Old High German: wald
- Middle High German: walt
- Alemannic German: Wald
- Swabian: Wald
- Bavarian: Woid, Woold
- Cimbrian: balt
- Mòcheno: bòlt
- Central Franconian: Wald (widely obsolete)
- Hunsrik: Wald
- Luxembourgish: Wal
- German: Wald
- Rhine Franconian: Wald, Wall
- Frankfurterisch: [valt]
- Yiddish: וואַלד (vald)
- Alemannic German: Wald
- Middle High German: walt
- → Old French: gaut (“forest, woods”)
- ⇒ Old French: gaudine
- Old English: weald, wald
- Old Norse: vǫllr
- Icelandic: völlur
- Faroese: vøllur
- Norn: vollj
- Norwegian Nynorsk: voll; (dialectal) vøll, vodd’e
- Westrobothnian: vǫll, vall
- Old Swedish: valder
- Swedish: vall
- Old Danish: wold, wall
- Danish: vold, val
- Norwegian Bokmål: voll
- Danish: vold, val
References
- Alwin Kloekhorst (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon, Leiden, Boston: Brill Academic Publishers