< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/walkaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *welk-, *welg-, extended form of *welH- (“to turn, to wind, roll”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈwɑl.kɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*walkaną
- to turn, wind, roll, toss
- to wend, walk, wander
- to trample, full (cloth)
Inflection
Conjugation of *walkaną (strong class 7c)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *walkō | *walkaų | — | *walkai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *walkizi | *walkaiz | *walk | *walkazai | *walkaizau |
| 3rd singular | *walkidi | *walkai | *walkadau | *walkadai | *walkaidau |
| 1st dual | *walkōz | *walkaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *walkadiz | *walkaidiz | *walkadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *walkamaz | *walkaim | — | *walkandai | *walkaindau |
| 2nd plural | *walkid | *walkaid | *walkid | *walkandai | *walkaindau |
| 3rd plural | *walkandi | *walkain | *walkandau | *walkandai | *walkaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *wewalk | *wewalkį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *wewalht | *wewalkīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *wewalk | *wewalkī | |||
| 1st dual | *wewalkū | *wewalkīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *wewalkudiz | *wewalkīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *wewalkum | *wewalkīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *wewalkud | *wewalkīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *wewalkun | *wewalkīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *walkandz | *walkanaz | |||
Derived terms
- *walką
- *walkārijaz
Related terms
- *walkōną
- *wulkōną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *walkan
- Old English: wealcan
- Middle English: walken, walk, walke, walkyn, wolken (conflated with wealcian)
- English: walk, waulk
- Scots: walk
- Middle English: walken, walk, walke, walkyn, wolken (conflated with wealcian)
- Old Saxon: *walkan
- Middle Low German: walken
- Low German: walken
- Middle Low German: walken
- Old Dutch: *walcan
- Middle Dutch: walken
- Dutch: walken
- Middle Dutch: walken
- Old High German: walcan, walkan, walchan
- Middle High German: walchen, walken
- Cimbrian: balchan
- German: walken
- → Italian: gualcare
- Middle High German: walchen, walken
- → Old French: gauchier
- Middle French: gauchier, gaucher, gauchir
- French: gauchir
- Walloon: wauquier
- Old French: gauchie, guauche
- Middle French: gauche, gaulche
- French: gauche
- → English: gauche
- French: gauche
- Norman: gauche
- Walloon: gôche
- Middle French: gauche, gaulche
- Middle French: gauchier, gaucher, gauchir
- Old English: wealcan
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*walkan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 570