< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/walhiskaz
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *walhaz + *-iskaz.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈwɑl.xis.kɑz/
Adjective
*walhiskaz
- foreign, non-Germanic (Celtic, later also Roman)
Inflection
Declension of *walhiskaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *walhiskaz | *walhiskai | *walhiskō | *walhiskôz | *walhiską, -atō | *walhiskō |
| Accusative | *walhiskanǭ | *walhiskanz | *walhiskǭ | *walhiskōz | *walhiską, -atō | *walhiskō |
| Genitive | *walhiskas, -is | *walhiskaizǫ̂ | *walhiskaizōz | *walhiskaizǫ̂ | *walhiskas, -is | *walhiskaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *walhiskammai | *walhiskaimaz | *walhiskaizōi | *walhiskaimaz | *walhiskammai | *walhiskaimaz |
| Instrumental | *walhiskanō | *walhiskaimiz | *walhiskaizō | *walhiskaimiz | *walhiskanō | *walhiskaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *walhiskô | *walhiskaniz | *walhiskǭ | *walhiskōniz | *walhiskô | *walhiskōnō |
| Accusative | *walhiskanų | *walhiskanunz | *walhiskōnų | *walhiskōnunz | *walhiskô | *walhiskōnō |
| Genitive | *walhiskiniz | *walhiskanǫ̂ | *walhiskōniz | *walhiskōnǫ̂ | *walhiskiniz | *walhiskanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *walhiskini | *walhiskammaz | *walhiskōni | *walhiskōmaz | *walhiskini | *walhiskammaz |
| Instrumental | *walhiskinē | *walhiskammiz | *walhiskōnē | *walhiskōmiz | *walhiskinē | *walhiskammiz |
Descendants
- Old English: wǣlisċ, wēlisċ, wīlisċ, wȳlisċ, wīelisċ
- Middle English: Walsch, Welische
- Scots: Welsche, Welch
- English: Welsh, Welch
- Dutch: Wels
- Middle English: Walsch, Welische
- Old Frankish: *walhisk
- Old Dutch: *walask, *walisk
- Middle Dutch: walsc, *waalsc
- Dutch: waals, Waals
- Middle Dutch: walsc, *waalsc
- Old French: gualeis, walois
- Middle French: gaulois
- French: gaulois
- Middle French: gaulois
- Old Dutch: *walask, *walisk
- Old High German: walask, walahisk, welisk
- Middle High German: welisc
- Alemannic German:
- Italian Walser: wälsch, wailsch, walts, wältsch
- Bavarian:
- Mòcheno: balsch
- Cimbrian: bèllos, belisch, belesch
- German: welsch
- Yiddish: וועליש (velish)
- → English: Vellish
- Alemannic German:
- Middle High German: welisc
- Old Norse: valskr
- Danish: vælsk
- Norwegian: velsk
- Old Swedish: valsker
- Swedish: välsk