Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/unkunþaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *un- +‎ *kunþaz.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈun.ˌkun.θɑz/

Adjective

*unkunþaz

unknown

Inflection

Declension of *unkunþaz (a-stem)

Strong declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*unkunþaz	*unkunþai	*unkunþō	*unkunþôz	*unkunþą, -atō	*unkunþō
Accusative	*unkunþanǭ	*unkunþanz	*unkunþǭ	*unkunþōz	*unkunþą, -atō	*unkunþō
Genitive	*unkunþas, -is	*unkunþaizǫ̂	*unkunþaizōz	*unkunþaizǫ̂	*unkunþas, -is	*unkunþaizǫ̂
Dative	*unkunþammai	*unkunþaimaz	*unkunþaizōi	*unkunþaimaz	*unkunþammai	*unkunþaimaz
Instrumental	*unkunþanō	*unkunþaimiz	*unkunþaizō	*unkunþaimiz	*unkunþanō	*unkunþaimiz

Weak declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*unkunþô	*unkunþaniz	*unkunþǭ	*unkunþōniz	*unkunþô	*unkunþōnō
Accusative	*unkunþanų	*unkunþanunz	*unkunþōnų	*unkunþōnunz	*unkunþô	*unkunþōnō
Genitive	*unkunþiniz	*unkunþanǫ̂	*unkunþōniz	*unkunþōnǫ̂	*unkunþiniz	*unkunþanǫ̂
Dative	*unkunþini	*unkunþammaz	*unkunþōni	*unkunþōmaz	*unkunþini	*unkunþammaz
Instrumental	*unkunþinē	*unkunþammiz	*unkunþōnē	*unkunþōmiz	*unkunþinē	*unkunþammiz

Descendants

Old English: uncūþ
- Middle English: uncuth, uncouth
  - Scots: uncouth, unco
    - → English: unco
  - English: uncouth
Old Saxon: *unkūth, *unkund
- Middle Low German: unkunt
Old Dutch: *unkunt, *uncunt
- Middle Dutch: oncont
  - Dutch: onkond
Old High German: unkund
- Middle High German: unkunt; unkünde
  - German: unkund
Old Norse: úkunnr
- Icelandic: úkunnur
- Old Swedish: okunder
  - Swedish: okund †
Gothic: 𐌿𐌽𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 (unkunþs)