Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tūną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Borrowed from Gaulish dunum, from Proto-Celtic *dūnom, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuHnom (“enclosure”), from *dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈtuː.nɑ̃/

Noun

*tūną n

fence
enclosure

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *tūną (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*tūną	*tūnō
vocative	*tūną	*tūnō
accusative	*tūną	*tūnō
genitive	tūnas, tūnis	*tūnǫ̂
dative	*tūnai	*tūnamaz
instrumental	*tūnō	*tūnamiz

Descendants

Old English: tūn
- Middle English: toun, town
  - English: town
    - → Chichewa: tawuni
    - → Pennsylvania German: Taun
  - Scots: toun, tone, toon, town
Old Frisian: tūn
- Saterland Frisian: Tuun
- West Frisian: tún
Old Saxon: tūn
- Middle Low German: tûn
  - German Low German: Tuun
  - Low German: Tuun
Old Dutch: tūn
- Middle Dutch: tuun
  - Dutch: tuin
    - Afrikaans: tuin
Old High German: zūn
- Middle High German: zūn, zoun; ziune
  - German: Zaun
  - Luxembourgish: Zonk
  - Vilamovian: caojn
Old Norse: tún
- Icelandic: tún
- Faroese: tún
- Norwegian: tun
- Swedish: tun, -tuna, Tuna
- Danish: tun
→ Slavic: *tynъ (see there for further descendants)