< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tīhaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *déyḱti, from *deyḱ- (“to show”). Cognate with Latin dīcō (“speak, say, tell”), Ancient Greek δείκνυμι (deíknumi, “show, point out, explain, teach”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtiː.xɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*tīhaną[1][2]
- to show, point out
- to blame, accuse
Inflection
Conjugation of *tīhaną (strong class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *tīhō | *tīhaų | — | *tīhai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *tīhizi | *tīhaiz | *tīh | *tīhazai | *tīhaizau |
| 3rd singular | *tīhidi | *tīhai | *tīhadau | *tīhadai | *tīhaidau |
| 1st dual | *tīhōz | *tīhaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *tīhadiz | *tīhaidiz | *tīhadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *tīhamaz | *tīhaim | — | *tīhandai | *tīhaindau |
| 2nd plural | *tīhid | *tīhaid | *tīhid | *tīhandai | *tīhaindau |
| 3rd plural | *tīhandi | *tīhain | *tīhandau | *tīhandai | *tīhaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *taih | *tigį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *taiht | *tigīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *taih | *tigī | |||
| 1st dual | *tigū | *tigīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *tigudiz | *tigīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *tigum | *tigīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *tigud | *tigīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *tigun | *tigīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *tīhandz | *tiganaz | |||
Related terms
- *taikną
- *taikijaną
- *taikōną
Derived terms
- *tihtiz
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *tīhan
- Old English: tēon
- Middle English: tēn
- ⇒ Old Saxon: aftīhan
- Old Dutch: *tīan
- Middle Dutch: tiën
- Dutch: tijgen, aantijgen
- Afrikaans: aantyg
- Dutch: tijgen, aantijgen
- Middle Dutch: tiën
- Old High German: zīhan
- Middle High German: zīhen
- German: zeihen
- Middle High German: zīhen
- Old English: tēon
- Old Norse: tjá
- Icelandic: tjá
- Faroese: tíggja
- Norwegian:
- Norwegian Bokmål: te
- Norwegian Nynorsk: te
- Old Swedish: tēa
- Swedish: te
- Danish: te
- Gothic: *𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌽 (*teihan)
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*tīhan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 517
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*tīxanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 407