Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/turhtaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *dr̥ḱtos, originally a past participle from Proto-Indo-European *derḱ- (“to see”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈturx.tɑz/

Adjective

*turhtaz

light; bright; clear

Inflection

Declension of *turhtaz (a-stem)

Strong declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*turhtaz	*turhtai	*turhtō	*turhtôz	*turhtą, -atō	*turhtō
Accusative	*turhtanǭ	*turhtanz	*turhtǭ	*turhtōz	*turhtą, -atō	*turhtō
Genitive	*turhtas, -is	*turhtaizǫ̂	*turhtaizōz	*turhtaizǫ̂	*turhtas, -is	*turhtaizǫ̂
Dative	*turhtammai	*turhtaimaz	*turhtaizōi	*turhtaimaz	*turhtammai	*turhtaimaz
Instrumental	*turhtanō	*turhtaimiz	*turhtaizō	*turhtaimiz	*turhtanō	*turhtaimiz

Weak declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*turhtô	*turhtaniz	*turhtǭ	*turhtōniz	*turhtô	*turhtōnō
Accusative	*turhtanų	*turhtanunz	*turhtōnų	*turhtōnunz	*turhtô	*turhtōnō
Genitive	*turhtiniz	*turhtanǫ̂	*turhtōniz	*turhtōnǫ̂	*turhtiniz	*turhtanǫ̂
Dative	*turhtini	*turhtammaz	*turhtōni	*turhtōmaz	*turhtini	*turhtammaz
Instrumental	*turhtinē	*turhtammiz	*turhtōnē	*turhtōmiz	*turhtinē	*turhtammiz

Derived terms

*turhtalīkaz
*turhtą
*turhtijaną
*turhtį̄
*turhtōną

Related terms

*tarhijaną

Descendants

Old English: torht
- Middle English: torhte, tohte
Old Saxon: torht, toroht
Old High German: zorht, zoraht, zorft

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN