< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/turbijaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *turbz (“peat, turf”) + *-janą.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtur.βi.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*turbijaną[1]
- to extract peat
- to cover with peat
Inflection
Conjugation of *turbijaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *turbijō | *turbijaų | — | *turbijai | *? |
| 2nd singular | *turbīsi | *turbijais | *turbī | *turbijasai | *turbijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *turbīþi | *turbijai | *turbijaþau | *turbijaþai | *turbijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *turbijōs | *turbijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *turbijaþiz | *turbijaiþiz | *turbijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *turbijamaz | *turbijaim | — | *turbijanþai | *turbijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *turbīþ | *turbijaiþ | *turbīþ | *turbijanþai | *turbijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *turbijanþi | *turbijain | *turbijanþau | *turbijanþai | *turbijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *turbidǭ | *turbidēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *turbidēz | *turbidēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *turbidē | *turbidēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *turbidēdū | *turbidēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *turbidēdudiz | *turbidēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *turbidēdum | *turbidēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *turbidēdud | *turbidēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *turbidēdun | *turbidēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *turbijandz | *turbidaz | |||
Descendants
- West Germanic: *turbijan
- ⇒ Old English: getyrfan
- Old Dutch: *turven
- Middle Dutch: turven, torven
- Dutch: turven
- Middle Dutch: turven, torven
- Old Norse: tyrfa
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) , “*turbjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 413