< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tungǭ
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
N-stem variant of Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s (“tongue”). Cognate with Latin lingua (“tongue”) and Sanskrit जिह्वा (jihvā, “tongue”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtuŋ.ɡɔ̃ː/
Noun
*tungǭ f
- tongue
- Synonym: *tulgaz
- speech, language
Inflection
ōn-stemDeclension of *tungǭ (ōn-stem) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | *tungǭ | *tungōniz | |
vocative | *tungǭ | *tungōniz | |
accusative | *tungōnų | *tungōnunz | |
genitive | *tungōniz | *tungōnǫ̂ | |
dative | *tungōni | *tungōmaz | |
instrumental | *tungōnē | *tungōmiz |
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *tungā
- Old English: tunge
- Middle English: tonge, tong, tung, tunge
- English: tongue (see there for further descendants)
- Scots: tung, tongue, tong
- Middle English: tonge, tong, tung, tunge
- Old Frisian: tunge
- North Frisian: tonge, tunge
- Saterland Frisian: Tunge
- West Frisian: tonge
- Old Saxon: tunga, tunge
- Middle Low German: tunge
- German Low German: Tunge
- Plautdietsch: Tung
- Middle Low German: tunge
- Old Dutch: tunga
- Middle Dutch: tonge
- Dutch: tong
- Afrikaans: tong
- Negerhollands: tong, toṅ, tung
- → Virgin Islands Creole: ton (dated)
- Skepi Creole Dutch: tunk
- →? Sranan Tongo: tongo
- → Aukan: tongo
- → Kwinti: tongo
- → Saramaccan: tongò
- Limburgish: tóng
- Dutch: tong
- Middle Dutch: tonge
- Old High German: zunga
- Middle High German: zunge
- Alemannic German: Zunge
- Central Franconian: Zong
- Cimbrian: zung
- German: Zunge
- Luxembourgish: Zong
- Vilamovian: cung
- Yiddish: צונג (tsung)
- Middle High German: zunge
- Old English: tunge
- Old Norse: tunga
- Icelandic: tunga
- Faroese: tunga
- Norn: tunga
- Elfdalian: tungga
- Westrobothnian: tōng
- Norwegian: tunge
- Old Swedish: tunga
- Swedish: tunga
- Old Danish: tungæ
- Danish: tunge
- Gutnish: tungge, tunggå, tungga
- Gothic: 𐍄𐌿𐌲𐌲𐍉 (tuggō)