< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/timrijaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *timrą (“building”) + *-janą.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtim.ri.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*timrijaną[1][2]
- to construct, build
Inflection
Conjugation of *timrijaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *timrijō | *timrijaų | — | *timrijai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *timrīsi | *timrijais | *timrī | *timrijasai | *timrijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *timrīþi | *timrijai | *timrijaþau | *timrijaþai | *timrijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *timrijōs | *timrijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *timrijaþiz | *timrijaiþiz | *timrijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *timrijamaz | *timrijaim | — | *timrijanþai | *timrijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *timrīþ | *timrijaiþ | *timrīþ | *timrijanþai | *timrijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *timrijanþi | *timrijain | *timrijanþau | *timrijanþai | *timrijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *timridǭ | *timridēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *timridēz | *timridēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *timridē | *timridēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *timridēdū | *timridēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *timridēdudiz | *timridēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *timridēdum | *timridēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *timridēdud | *timridēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *timridēdun | *timridēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *timrijandz | *timridaz | |||
Related terms
- *timrōną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *timrijan
- Old English: timbran
- Middle English: timbren
- English: timber
- Middle English: timbren
- Old Frisian: timbra
- Old Saxon: timbrian
- Middle Low German: timberen, timmeren
- Old Dutch: timbren
- Middle Dutch: timmeren
- Dutch: timmeren
- Middle Dutch: timmeren
- Old High German: zimbaren
- Middle High German: zimbern
- German: zimmern
- Middle High German: zimbern
- Old English: timbran
- Gothic: 𐍄𐌹𐌼𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌽 (timrjan)
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*temrjanan~temrōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 404
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*timbra-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 517: “*temrjan-”