Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tilōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ad- (“to secure, set in order, arrange”).

Verb

*tilōną

To strive; reach; mint; aim; hurry

Inflection

Conjugation of *tilōną (weak class 2)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*tilō	*tilǭ	—	*tilōi	*?
2nd singular	*tilōsi	*tilōs	*tilō	*tilōsai	*tilōsau
3rd singular	*tilōþi	*tilō	*tilōþau	*tilōþai	*tilōþau
1st dual	*tilōs	*tilōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*tilōþiz	*tilōþiz	*tilōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*tilōmaz	*tilōm	—	*tilōnþai	*tilōnþau
2nd plural	*tilōþ	*tilōþ	*tilōþ	*tilōnþai	*tilōnþau
3rd plural	*tilōnþi	*tilōn	*tilōnþau	*tilōnþai	*tilōnþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*tilōdǭ	*tilōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*tilōdēz	*tilōdēdīz
3rd singular	*tilōdē	*tilōdēdī
1st dual	*tilōdēdū	*tilōdēdīw
2nd dual	*tilōdēdudiz	*tilōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*tilōdēdum	*tilōdēdīm
2nd plural	*tilōdēdud	*tilōdēdīd
3rd plural	*tilōdēdun	*tilōdēdīn

	present	past
participles	*tilōndz	*tilōdaz

Derived terms

*tilōniz

Descendants

Old English: tilian, teolian
- Middle English: tilyen, teolien, tolien, tulien, telien, tilien, tilen, tillen
  - Scots: tele, teel, teil; tulȝe, tulyie, toil (through confluence with Old French verb)
  - English: till; toil (through confluence with Old French verb)
Old Frisian: tilia; teula
- Saterland Frisian: tilja, tila
- West Frisian: tylje
Old Saxon: tilōn
- Middle Low German: telen, teilen, tellen
  - German Low German: telen
Old Dutch: tilon
- Middle Dutch: tēlen
  - Dutch: telen
Old High German: zilōn
- Middle High German: zilen, ziln
  - German: zielen
  - Luxembourgish: zilen
Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌻𐍉𐌽 (gatilōn); 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍄𐌹𐌻𐍉𐌽 (andtilōn)