< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/taumijaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Alternative forms
- *tauhmijaną[1]
Etymology
From *taumaz (“tie, leash, bridle”) + *-janą.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtau̯.mi.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*taumijaną
- to bridle
- to lead by the reins
Inflection
Conjugation of *taumijaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *taumijō | *taumijaų | — | *taumijai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *taumīsi | *taumijais | *taumī | *taumijasai | *taumijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *taumīþi | *taumijai | *taumijaþau | *taumijaþai | *taumijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *taumijōs | *taumijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *taumijaþiz | *taumijaiþiz | *taumijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *taumijamaz | *taumijaim | — | *taumijanþai | *taumijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *taumīþ | *taumijaiþ | *taumīþ | *taumijanþai | *taumijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *taumijanþi | *taumijain | *taumijanþau | *taumijanþai | *taumijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *taumidǭ | *taumidēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *taumidēz | *taumidēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *taumidē | *taumidēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *taumidēdū | *taumidēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *taumidēdudiz | *taumidēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *taumidēdum | *taumidēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *taumidēdud | *taumidēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *taumidēdun | *taumidēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *taumijandz | *taumidaz | |||
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *taumijan
- Old English: tēman, tȳman, tīeman
- Middle English: temen
- English: teem
- Middle English: temen
- Old Frisian: *tēma
- West Frisian: teamme, teamje
- Old Saxon: *tōmian
- Middle Low German: tomen, tö̂men
- German Low German: tomen
- Middle Low German: tomen, tö̂men
- Old Dutch: *tōmen
- Middle Dutch: tômen
- Dutch: tomen
- Middle Dutch: tômen
- Old High German: *zoumen
- Middle High German: zöumen, zoumen
- German: zäumen
- Middle High German: zöumen, zoumen
- Old English: tēman, tȳman, tīeman
- Old Norse: teyma
- Icelandic: teyma
- Norwegian Nynorsk: tøyme
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*tauxmjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 403