< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tanhuz
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *denḱ- (“to bite”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtɑ̃ː.xuz/
Adjective
*tanhuz
- holding together; clinging; sticky; tenacious; tough
Inflection
Declension of *tanhuz (u-stem)
| strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural | |
| nominative | *tanhuz | *tanhijai | *tanhī | *tanhijôz | *tanhu | *tanhijō |
| accusative | *tanhijanǭ | *tanhijanz | *tanhijǭ | *tanhijōz | *tanhu | *tanhijō |
| genitive | *tanhijas, *tanhīs | *tanhijaizǫ̂ | *tanhijaizōz | *tanhijaizǫ̂ | *tanhijas, *tanhīs | *tanhijaizǫ̂ |
| dative | *tanhijammai | *tanhijaimaz | *tanhijaizōi | *tanhijaimaz | *tanhijammai | *tanhijaimaz |
| instrumental | *tanhijanō | *tanhijaimiz | *tanhijaizō | *tanhijaimiz | *tanhijanō | *tanhijaimiz |
| weak declension | ||||||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural | |
| nominative | *tanhijô | *tanhijaniz | *tanhijǭ | *tanhijōniz | *tanhijô | *tanhijōnō |
| accusative | *tanhijanų | *tanhijanunz | *tanhijōnų | *tanhijōnunz | *tanhijô | *tanhijōnō |
| genitive | *tanhīniz | *tanhijanǫ̂ | *tanhijōniz | *tanhijōnǫ̂ | *tanhīniz | *tanhijanǫ̂ |
| dative | *tanhīni | *tanhijammaz | *tanhijōni | *tanhijōmaz | *tanhīni | *tanhijammaz |
| instrumental | *tanhīnē | *tanhijammiz | *tanhijōnē | *tanhijōmiz | *tanhīnē | *tanhijammiz |
Related terms
- *tēguz
Descendants
- Old English: tōh
- Middle English: toȝ, tou, towgh, tough
- Scots: teuch
- English: tough
- Swedish: tuff
- Norwegian Bokmål: tøff
- Norwegian Nynorsk: tøff
- Middle English: toȝ, tou, towgh, tough
- Old Frisian: *tōch
- North Frisian: tōch, tūch
- Saterland Frisian: toai
- Old Saxon: *tāhi, *tā
- Middle Low German: tā, taie, tēge, teie
- Low German: taa, taë, tage, taag
- Middle Low German: tā, taie, tēge, teie
- Old Dutch: *tāi
- Middle Dutch: taie, tāy, taey
- Dutch: taai
- → West Frisian: taai
- Dutch: taai
- Middle Dutch: taie, tāy, taey
- Old High German: zāhi, zāh
- Middle High German: zāch, zǣhe, zǣh, zǣch
- German: zähe, zäh
- Bavarian: zach (pronounced [tsaːx])
- Luxembourgish: zéi
- Middle High German: zāch, zǣhe, zǣh, zǣch
- Old Norse: tá
- Gothic: 𐍄𐌰𐌷𐌿𐍃 (tāhus)