< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/taikijaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- (“to show, instruct, tell, point out, explain”). Cognate with Latin dīcō (“speak, say, tell”), Ancient Greek δείκνυμι (deíknumi, “show, point out, explain, teach”).
The *k rather than expected *h or *g is probably due to Kluge's law, in which case one must assume an earlier stem *taikk- which lost its gemination in the heavy syllable, derived from Proto-Indo-European *doyḱ-néh₂- (or similar) + *-janą.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtɑi̯.ki.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*taikijaną[1]
- (West Germanic) to show, point out, demonstrate; to teach
Inflection
Conjugation of *taikijaną (weak class 1 j-present)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *taikijō | *taikijaų | — | *taikijai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *taikīsi | *taikijais | *taikī | *taikijasai | *taikijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *taikīþi | *taikijai | *taikijaþau | *taikijaþai | *taikijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *taikijōs | *taikijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *taikijaþiz | *taikijaiþiz | *taikijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *taikijamaz | *taikijaim | — | *taikijanþai | *taikijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *taikīþ | *taikijaiþ | *taikīþ | *taikijanþai | *taikijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *taikijanþi | *taikijain | *taikijanþau | *taikijanþai | *taikijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *taihtǭ | *taihtēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *taihtēz | *taihtēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *taihtē | *taihtēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *taihtēdū | *taihtēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *taihtēdudiz | *taihtēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *taihtēdum | *taihtēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *taihtēdud | *taihtēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *taihtēdun | *taihtēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *taikijandz | *taikidaz | |||
Derived terms
- *taikną
Related terms
- *taikōną
- *tīhaną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *taikijan
- Old English: tǣċan
- Middle English: techen
- English: teach
- Scots: teich
- Yola: teach
- Middle English: techen
- Old English: tǣċan
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*taikjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 505