< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sūraz
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *suHrós (“sour, salty, bitter”). Cognate with Proto-Balto-Slavic *sū́ˀras (“salty, bitter”), Old Prussian suris (“soured milk cheese”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsuː.rɑz/
Adjective
*sūraz
- sour, acidic
Inflection
Declension of *sūraz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *sūraz | *sūrai | *sūrō | *sūrôz | *sūrą, -atō | *sūrō |
| Accusative | *sūranǭ | *sūranz | *sūrǭ | *sūrōz | *sūrą, -atō | *sūrō |
| Genitive | *sūras, -is | *sūraizǫ̂ | *sūraizōz | *sūraizǫ̂ | *sūras, -is | *sūraizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *sūrammai | *sūraimaz | *sūraizōi | *sūraimaz | *sūrammai | *sūraimaz |
| Instrumental | *sūranō | *sūraimiz | *sūraizō | *sūraimiz | *sūranō | *sūraimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *sūrô | *sūraniz | *sūrǭ | *sūrōniz | *sūrô | *sūrōnō |
| Accusative | *sūranų | *sūranunz | *sūrōnų | *sūrōnunz | *sūrô | *sūrōnō |
| Genitive | *sūriniz | *sūranǫ̂ | *sūrōniz | *sūrōnǫ̂ | *sūriniz | *sūranǫ̂ |
| Dative | *sūrini | *sūrammaz | *sūrōni | *sūrōmaz | *sūrini | *sūrammaz |
| Instrumental | *sūrinē | *sūrammiz | *sūrōnē | *sūrōmiz | *sūrinē | *sūrammiz |
Related terms
- *sūrą
Descendants
- Old English: sūr
- Middle English: sur, sour
- English: sour
- Scots: sour, soor
- Middle English: sur, sour
- Old Frisian: *sūr
- Saterland Frisian: suur
- West Frisian: soer
- Old Saxon: sūr (in compounds)
- Middle Low German: sūr
- Low German: suur
- Plautdietsch: sua
- Middle Low German: sūr
- Frankish: *sūr
- Old Dutch: sūr
- Middle Dutch: suur
- Dutch: zuur
- Afrikaans: suur
- Limburgish: zoer
- Dutch: zuur
- Middle Dutch: suur
- → Old French: sur [1160 CE] (see there for further descendants)
- Old Dutch: sūr
- Old High German: sūr
- Middle High German: sūr
- Central Franconian: suur, souer
- German: sauer
- Luxembourgish: sauer
- Vilamovian: zaojwer
- Yiddish: זויער (zoyer)
- Middle High German: sūr
- Old Norse: súrr
- Icelandic: súr
- Faroese: súrur
- Norwegian: sur (Bokmål), sur (Nynorsk)
- Old Swedish: sūr
- Swedish: sur
- Danish: sur