< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sīþuz
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Alternative forms
- *sīþiz
Etymology
From Pre-Germanic *séh₁itus or *sh₁éitus, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-. Related to Latin sērus (“late, slow”), Old Irish sír (“long, lasting”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsiː.θuz/
Adjective
*sīþuz
- late
Inflection
Declension of *sīþuz (u-stem)
| strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural | |
| nominative | *sīþuz | *sīþijai | *sīþī | *sīþijôz | *sīþų, *-jatō | *sīþijō |
| accusative | *sīþijanǭ | *sīþijanz | *sīþijǭ | *sīþijōz | *sīþų, *-jatō | *sīþijō |
| genitive | *sīþijas, *sīþīs | *sīþijaizǫ̂ | *sīþijaizōz | *sīþijaizǫ̂ | *sīþijas, *sīþīs | *sīþijaizǫ̂ |
| dative | *sīþijammai | *sīþijaimaz | *sīþijaizōi | *sīþijaimaz | *sīþijammai | *sīþijaimaz |
| instrumental | *sīþijanō | *sīþijaimiz | *sīþijaizō | *sīþijaimiz | *sīþijanō | *sīþijaimiz |
| weak declension | ||||||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural | |
| nominative | *sīþijô | *sīþijaniz | *sīþijǭ | *sīþijōniz | *sīþijô | *sīþijōnō |
| accusative | *sīþijanų | *sīþijanunz | *sīþijōnų | *sīþijōnunz | *sīþijô | *sīþijōnō |
| genitive | *sīþīniz | *sīþijanǫ̂ | *sīþijōniz | *sīþijōnǫ̂ | *sīþīniz | *sīþijanǫ̂ |
| dative | *sīþīni | *sīþijammaz | *sīþijōni | *sīþijōmaz | *sīþīni | *sīþijammaz |
| instrumental | *sīþīnē | *sīþijammiz | *sīþijōnē | *sīþijōmiz | *sīþīnē | *sīþijammiz |
Descendants
- Old English: sīþ
- ⇒ Old English: sīþlīċe
- Middle English: siþeli, siddele
- ⇒ Old English: sīþlīċe
- ⇒ Old Frisian: sether
- Old Saxon: sīth
- Middle Low German: sît
- ⇒ Old Saxon: sīthor
- Middle Low German: sider, sēder
- Old Dutch: *sīdi
- Middle Dutch: side
- Old High German: sīd
- ⇒ Old High German: sīdor, sidor
- Middle High German: sider, siders
- German: sider
- Middle High German: sider, siders
- ⇒ Old High German: sīdor, sidor
- Old Norse: síðr, síð
- Icelandic: síður, síð
- Faroese: síður, síð
- Gothic: 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃 (seiþus)
- → Proto-Finnic: *hidas (see there for further descendants)
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN