< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sīganą
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
According to Orel, a variant of *sīhwaną, which is from Proto-Indo-European *seykʷ- (“to pour out; gush; flow; run; trickle”).
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “why was it delabialized?”)
Verb
*sīganą[1]
- to sink, to drop
Inflection
Conjugation of *sīganą (strong class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *sīgō | *sīgaų | — | *sīgai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *sīgizi | *sīgaiz | *sīg | *sīgazai | *sīgaizau |
| 3rd singular | *sīgidi | *sīgai | *sīgadau | *sīgadai | *sīgaidau |
| 1st dual | *sīgōz | *sīgaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *sīgadiz | *sīgaidiz | *sīgadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *sīgamaz | *sīgaim | — | *sīgandai | *sīgaindau |
| 2nd plural | *sīgid | *sīgaid | *sīgid | *sīgandai | *sīgaindau |
| 3rd plural | *sīgandi | *sīgain | *sīgandau | *sīgandai | *sīgaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *saig | *sigį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *saiht | *sigīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *saig | *sigī | |||
| 1st dual | *sigū | *sigīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *sigudiz | *sigīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *sigum | *sigīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *sigud | *sigīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *sigun | *sigīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *sīgandz | *siganaz | |||
Related terms
- *saigijaną
- *saiwiz
- *sīhwaną
- *sihtrǭ
- *sihwǭ
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *sīgan
- Old English: sīġan
- Middle English: sien
- English: sie, sye
- Middle English: sien
- Old Frisian: sīga
- North Frisian: siuken
- West Frisian: sige
- Old Saxon: sīgan
- Middle Low German: sîgen
- Old Dutch: *sīgan
- Middle Dutch: sigen
- Dutch: zijgen
- Limburgish: ziege
- Middle Dutch: sigen
- Old High German: sīgan
- Middle High German: sīgen
- German: seigen
- Middle High German: sīgen
- Old English: sīġan
- Old Norse: síga
- Icelandic: síga
- Faroese: síga
- Norwegian: sige
- Old Swedish: sīgha
- Swedish: siga
- Old Danish: sighæ
- Danish: sige
- Westrobothnian: siig
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*sīʒ(w)anan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 329