< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swangwijaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *swinganą (“to swing”) + *-janą
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈswɑŋʷ.ɡʷi.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*swangwijaną[1]
- to cause to swing, to waver
Inflection
Conjugation of *swangijaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *swangijō | *swangijaų | — | *swangijai | *? |
| 2nd singular | *swangīsi | *swangijais | *swangī | *swangijasai | *swangijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *swangīþi | *swangijai | *swangijaþau | *swangijaþai | *swangijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *swangijōs | *swangijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *swangijaþiz | *swangijaiþiz | *swangijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *swangijamaz | *swangijaim | — | *swangijanþai | *swangijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *swangīþ | *swangijaiþ | *swangīþ | *swangijanþai | *swangijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *swangijanþi | *swangijain | *swangijanþau | *swangijanþai | *swangijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *swangidǭ | *swangidēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *swangidēz | *swangidēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *swangidē | *swangidēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *swangidēdū | *swangidēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *swangidēdudiz | *swangidēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *swangidēdum | *swangidēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *swangidēdud | *swangidēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *swangidēdun | *swangidēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *swangijandz | *swangidaz | |||
Descendants
- Old English: swengan
- Old Frisian: swenga
- Old Saxon: *swengian
- Middle Low German: swengen
- Old High German: swenken
- Gothic: *𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*swaggwjan)
- ⇒ Gothic: 𐌰𐍆𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌾𐌰𐌽 (afswaggwjan)
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*swanʒwjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 391