< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swaipaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *kswoybʰ-e-ti, thematic o-grade present of *ksweybʰ- (“to move swiftly, swing, whip”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈswɑi̯.pɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*swaipaną
- to sweep
- to sway, swing
- to cast, fling
- to wrap
Inflection
Conjugation of *swaipaną (strong class 7)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *swaipō | *swaipaų | — | *swaipai | *? |
| 2nd singular | *swaipizi | *swaipaiz | *swaip | *swaipazai | *swaipaizau |
| 3rd singular | *swaipidi | *swaipai | *swaipadau | *swaipadai | *swaipaidau |
| 1st dual | *swaipōz | *swaipaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *swaipadiz | *swaipaidiz | *swaipadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *swaipamaz | *swaipaim | — | *swaipandai | *swaipaindau |
| 2nd plural | *swaipid | *swaipaid | *swaipid | *swaipandai | *swaipaindau |
| 3rd plural | *swaipandi | *swaipain | *swaipandau | *swaipandai | *swaipaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *sweswaip | *sweswaipį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *sweswaift | *sweswaipīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *sweswaip | *sweswaipī | |||
| 1st dual | *sweswaipū | *sweswaipīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *sweswaipudiz | *sweswaipīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *sweswaipum | *sweswaipīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *sweswaipud | *sweswaipīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *sweswaipun | *sweswaipīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *swaipandz | *swaipanaz | |||
Related terms
- *swaipijaną
- *swōpōną
Descendants
- Old English: swāpan (“to sweep, swipe, swoop”)
- Middle English: swopen, swapen
- English: swoop; sweep (from past tense or Scandinavian)
- Scots: swap, swape, swaip
- Middle English: swopen, swapen
- Old Frisian: swēpa
- West Frisian swiepe (“whip, cleanse, sweep”) (obsolete)
- Old Saxon: swēpan
- Middle Low German: swêpen
- German Low German: swepen
- Middle Low German: swêpen
- Old High German: sweifan (“to swing, sway; sling”)
- Middle High German: sweifen
- High German: schweifen
- Middle High German: sweifen
- Old Norse: sveipa (“to swaddle, wrap; to cast”)
- Icelandic: sveipa
- Faroese: sveipa
- Norwegian: sveipa, sveipe
- Westrobothnian: sveip
- Ostrobothnian: sveip
- Nilandian: svipa
- Old Swedish: svēpa, swǣpa
- Swedish: svepa
- Scanian: svøba, svepa, sveva
- Older Danish: svebe
- Danish: svøbe, svippe