< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stīrāną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *stīraz (“stiff, motionless”) + *-āną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈstiː.rɑː.nɑ̃/
Verb
*stīrāną[1]
- to be stiff
- to stare
Inflection
Conjugation of *stīrāną (weak class 3)
active voice | passive voice | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
1st singular | *stīrō | *? | — | *? | *? |
2nd singular | *stīraisi | *? | *stīrai | *stīrāsai | *? |
3rd singular | *stīraiþi | *? | *stīrāþau | *stīrāþai | *? |
1st dual | *stīrōs | *? | — | — | — |
2nd dual | *stīrāþiz | *? | *stīrāþiz | — | — |
1st plural | *stīrāmaz | *? | — | *stīrānþai | *? |
2nd plural | *stīraiþ | *? | *stīraiþ | *stīrānþai | *? |
3rd plural | *stīrānþi | *? | *stīrānþau | *stīrānþai | *? |
past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
1st singular | *stīradǭ | *stīradēdį̄ | |||
2nd singular | *stīradēz | *stīradēdīz | |||
3rd singular | *stīradē | *stīradēdī | |||
1st dual | *stīradēdū | *stīradēdīw | |||
2nd dual | *stīradēdudiz | *stīradēdīdiz | |||
1st plural | *stīradēdum | *stīradēdīm | |||
2nd plural | *stīradēdud | *stīradēdīd | |||
3rd plural | *stīradēdun | *stīradēdīn | |||
present | past | ||||
participles | *stīrāndz | *stīradaz |
Descendants
- West Germanic: *stīrēn
- Old Saxon: *stīrōn
- Middle Low German: stīren
- Old High German: *stīrēn
- Middle High German: *stīren
- German: stieren
- Middle High German: *stīren
- Old Saxon: *stīrōn
- Old Norse: stira
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*stīrēnan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 379