Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stikkô

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Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stikkô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

A deverbal formation from *stikkōną, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg-.[1]

Noun

*stikkô m

1. stick, pole[2]

Inflection

masculine an-stemDeclension of *stikkô (masculine an-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*stikkô	*stikkaniz
vocative	*stikkô	*stikkaniz
accusative	*stikkanų	*stikkanunz
genitive	*stikkiniz	*stikkanǫ̂
dative	*stikkini	*stikkammaz
instrumental	*stikkinē	*stikkammiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *stikkō, *stekkō
  • Old English: sticca, *stecca
    • Middle English: stikke, sticke, stik
      • English: stick
      • Scots: stick, stikk
  • Old Frisian: *stikka, *stekka, stekk, stek
    • Saterland Frisian: Stikke
    • West Frisian: stikke
  • Old Saxon: stekko, stikko
    • Middle Low German: sticke, stecke, sticken, stik
      • Dutch Low Saxon: stek, stik
      • German Low German: Stick
  • Old Dutch: *stikko, *stekko
    • Middle Dutch: stecke, stec
      • Dutch: stek
      • West Flemish: stek, stekke
  • Old High German: steccho, stecko
    • Middle High German: stecke, steche
      • Alemannic German: Steche
        • Swabian: Schdägga
      • Bavarian: Schdagga, Schdägn, Stacka, Steckn
      • German: Stecken
      • Pennsylvania German: Schtecke
      • Rhine Franconian: Stecke
      • Yiddish: שטעקן‎ (shtekn)
• Old Norse: stikki
  • ⇒ Old Norse: stikka, stika
    • Icelandic: stikka
    • Faroese: stikka
    • Norwegian Bokmål: stikke
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: stikka, stika (dialectal)
    • Old Danish: stikkæ
      • Danish: stikke
    • Old Swedish: stikka
      • Swedish: sticka

References

1. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*stik(k)on-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 479
2. “stick, n.¹”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, March 2017.