< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stainijaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *stainaz (“stone”) + *-janą.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈstɑi̯.ni.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*stainijaną
- To stone, to pelt with stones
Inflection
Conjugation of *stainijaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *stainijō | *stainijaų | — | *stainijai | *? |
| 2nd singular | *stainīsi | *stainijais | *stainī | *stainijasai | *stainijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *stainīþi | *stainijai | *stainijaþau | *stainijaþai | *stainijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *stainijōs | *stainijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *stainijaþiz | *stainijaiþiz | *stainijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *stainijamaz | *stainijaim | — | *stainijanþai | *stainijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *stainīþ | *stainijaiþ | *stainīþ | *stainijanþai | *stainijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *stainijanþi | *stainijain | *stainijanþau | *stainijanþai | *stainijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *stainidǭ | *stainidēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *stainidēz | *stainidēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *stainidē | *stainidēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *stainidēdū | *stainidēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *stainidēdudiz | *stainidēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *stainidēdum | *stainidēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *stainidēdud | *stainidēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *stainidēdun | *stainidēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *stainijandz | *stainidaz | |||
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *stainijan
- Old English: stǣnan
- Middle English: stenen
- Old Saxon: *stēnian
- Middle Low German: stênen
- Old Dutch: stēnen
- Middle Dutch: stênen
- Dutch: stenen (archaic)
- Middle Dutch: stênen
- Old High German: steinen
- Middle High German: steinen
- German: steinen (archaic)
- Middle High German: steinen
- Old English: stǣnan
- Old Norse: *steina
- Faroese: steina
- Norwegian:
- Norwegian Bokmål: steine, stene
- Norwegian Nynorsk: steine, steina
- Swedish: stena
- Danish: stene
- Gothic: 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 (stainjan)