< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/spannijaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *spannaną + *-janą.
Verb
*spannijaną[1]
- to cause to stretch
Inflection
Conjugation of *spannijaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *spannijō | *spannijaų | — | *spannijai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *spannīsi | *spannijais | *spannī | *spannijasai | *spannijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *spannīþi | *spannijai | *spannijaþau | *spannijaþai | *spannijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *spannijōs | *spannijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *spannijaþiz | *spannijaiþiz | *spannijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *spannijamaz | *spannijaim | — | *spannijanþai | *spannijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *spannīþ | *spannijaiþ | *spannīþ | *spannijanþai | *spannijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *spannijanþi | *spannijain | *spannijanþau | *spannijanþai | *spannijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *spannidǭ | *spannidēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *spannidēz | *spannidēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *spannidē | *spannidēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *spannidēdū | *spannidēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *spannidēdudiz | *spannidēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *spannidēdum | *spannidēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *spannidēdud | *spannidēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *spannidēdun | *spannidēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *spannijandz | *spannidaz | |||
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *spannijan
- Old Saxon: *spennian
- Middle Low German: spennen
- Old High German: *spennen
- Middle High German: spennen[2]
- Old Saxon: *spennian
- Old Norse: spenna
- Icelandic: spenna
- Faroese: spenna
- Old Danish: spænne
- Danish: spænde
- Norwegian:
- Norwegian Bokmål: spenne
- Norwegian Nynorsk: spenne, spenna
- Old Swedish: spænna
- Swedish: spänna[3]
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*spannjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 362
- “spannen” in Duden online
- spänna in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)