< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/smeukaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *smeugʰ- cognate with Ancient Greek σμὐχω (smukhō, “to burn”) and Lithuanian smáugiu, smáugti (“to choke”). Kroonen assumes the verb was back-formed to the iterative *smukkōną - *smukōną which explains the 'k' instead of the expected 'g'.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsmeu̯.kɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*smeukaną[1][2]
- to smoke, to fumigate
Inflection
Conjugation of *smeukaną (strong class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *smeukō | *smeukaų | — | *smeukai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *smiukizi | *smeukaiz | *smeuk | *smeukazai | *smeukaizau |
| 3rd singular | *smiukidi | *smeukai | *smeukadau | *smeukadai | *smeukaidau |
| 1st dual | *smeukōz | *smeukaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *smeukadiz | *smeukaidiz | *smeukadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *smeukamaz | *smeukaim | — | *smeukandai | *smeukaindau |
| 2nd plural | *smiukid | *smeukaid | *smiukid | *smeukandai | *smeukaindau |
| 3rd plural | *smeukandi | *smeukain | *smeukandau | *smeukandai | *smeukaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *smauk | *smukį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *smauht | *smukīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *smauk | *smukī | |||
| 1st dual | *smukū | *smukīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *smukudiz | *smukīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *smukum | *smukīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *smukud | *smukīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *smukun | *smukīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *smeukandz | *smukanaz | |||
Alternative forms
- *smūkaną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *smeukan, *smūkan
- Old English: smēocan
- Old Dutch: *smiekan, *smūkan
- Middle Dutch: smieken, smuken
- Dutch: smuiken
- Middle Dutch: smieken, smuken
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*smeukan- ~ *smūkan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 458-459
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*smeukanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 354