Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skūrō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈskuː.rɔː/

Etymology 1

From a Proto-Indo-European root variously reconstructed as Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱēwer- (“north; north wind; cold wind; rain shower”) or Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱyeh₂w- (“north; north wind; cold wind; rain shower”), in the latter case in the ablaut form *(s)ḱyh̥₂u-. Cognate with Proto-Slavic *sě̀verъ (“north”), Lithuanian šiaurỹs (“north wind”) and Lithuanian šiáurė (“north”).
Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱew- (“to stir up, excite”); or from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱew- (“sky, cloud”);

Noun

*skūrō f[1][2]

storm
Synonym: *sturmaz
short shower (of rain / hail)

Inflection

ō-stemDeclension of *skūrō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*skūrō	*skūrôz
vocative	*skūrō	*skūrôz
accusative	*skūrǭ	*skūrōz
genitive	*skūrōz	*skūrǫ̂
dative	*skūrōi	*skūrōmaz
instrumental	*skūrō	*skūrōmiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *skūru
- Old English: sċūr f (if not a spurious gender change of *skūr)
Old Norse: skúr
- Icelandic: skúr
- Faroese: skúrur
- Norwegian:
  Norwegian Nynorsk: skur
- Old Swedish: skūr
  - Swedish: skur, skura
- Old Danish: skwr, skywr
  - Danish: skur, skure
Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌿𐍂𐌰 (skūra)
→ Proto-Finnic: *kuuro (see there for further descendants)

Etymology 2

From earlier *sku(w)enjō-, from *sku(w)en-, possibly from the dative form *sku(w)eni, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *skuH-ro-, from *(s)kewH- (“to cover”), related to Sanskrit स्कुनाति (skunāti, “he covers, protects”).[3]

Noun

*skūrō f

shelter, shack

Inflection

ō-stemDeclension of *skūrō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*skūrō	*skūrôz
vocative	*skūrō	*skūrôz
accusative	*skūrǭ	*skūrōz
genitive	*skūrōz	*skūrǫ̂
dative	*skūrōi	*skūrōmaz
instrumental	*skūrō	*skūrōmiz

Related terms

*hūsą (“house”)
*skeulą (“shelter, hiding place”)
*skiulijaną (“to shelter, hide”)

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *skūru
- Old Frisian: skūre
  - West Frisian: skuorre
- Old Saxon: skūr
  - Middle Low German: schūr, schure, schüre
    - Low German: Schüür
    - → Estonian: kuur
  - → Old High German: scūr (probably; perhaps native)
    - Middle High German: schūr
      - German: Schauer (dialectal)
- Old Dutch: skūra
  - Middle Dutch: scūre
    - Dutch: schuur
- Old High German: skiura, skūra
  - Middle High German: schiure, schūre
    - German: Scheuer
    - Transylvanian Saxon: Schyre, Schure
      - → Romanian: șură
  - → Italian: scuro
- Salian Frankish: *screunu (mixed with the word which is now German Scheune, or this represents a different oblique stem)
  - → Medieval Latin: screona, screuna
  - → Old French and Middle French: escraigne, escriene, escraingne, escrienne, escrainge, ecrene, escreigne. escriegne, escrangne, escregne, escrene, escrenne, ecreigne, ecraigne
    - French: écrenne, écraigne(obsolete)

References

Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*skūrō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 347
Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*skūra/ō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 451
Buck, C. D. (2008). A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages. United States: University of Chicago Press, p. 493

[HGE-1] Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*skūrō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 347

[Kroonen-2] Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*skūra/ō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 451

[3] Buck, C. D. (2008). A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages. United States: University of Chicago Press, p. 493