Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skūmaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *skew- (“to cover, mask, hide, conceal”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈskuː.mɑz/

Noun

*skūmaz m

film; grime; scum
foam; froth
yeast

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *skūmaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*skūmaz	skūmōz, skūmōs
vocative	*skūm	skūmōz, skūmōs
accusative	*skūmą	*skūmanz
genitive	skūmas, skūmis	*skūmǫ̂
dative	*skūmai	*skūmamaz
instrumental	*skūmō	*skūmamiz

Synonyms

*faimaz

Descendants

Old Frisian: *skūm
- Saterland Frisian: Skuum, Schuum
- West Frisian: skûm, skom
Old Saxon: *skūm
- Middle Low German: schûm
  - German Low German: Schuum
Frankish: *skūm
- Old Dutch: *skūm
  - Middle Dutch: schum, schume, scume, schhuum, schuum, scuum
    - Dutch: schuim
    - → Middle English: scome, scume (partially from Old French escume)
      - Scots: skum, skoom
      - English: scum
- → Medieval Latin: scuma, schuma (merger with Latin spūma) (see there for further descendants)
Old High German: skūm, scūm
- Middle High German: schūm
  - German: Schaum
    - Esperanto: ŝaŭmo
  - Luxembourgish: Schaum
Old Norse: *skúmr; *skúm
- Icelandic: skúm
- Faroese: skúm
- Norwegian: skum
- Old Swedish: skūm
  - Swedish: skum
- Danish: skum
- Westrobothnian: skum m