< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skrinkwaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Tentatively from Proto-Indo-European *sker- (“to wrinkle, wither”).
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈskriŋʷ.kʷɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*skrinkwaną[1][2]
- to shrink, pull together, shrivel
Inflection
Conjugation of *skrinkwaną (strong class 3)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *skrinkwō | *skrinkwaų | — | *skrinkwai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *skrinkwizi | *skrinkwaiz | *skrinkw | *skrinkwazai | *skrinkwaizau |
| 3rd singular | *skrinkwidi | *skrinkwai | *skrinkwadau | *skrinkwadai | *skrinkwaidau |
| 1st dual | *skrinkwōz | *skrinkwaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *skrinkwadiz | *skrinkwaidiz | *skrinkwadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *skrinkwamaz | *skrinkwaim | — | *skrinkwandai | *skrinkwaindau |
| 2nd plural | *skrinkwid | *skrinkwaid | *skrinkwid | *skrinkwandai | *skrinkwaindau |
| 3rd plural | *skrinkwandi | *skrinkwain | *skrinkwandau | *skrinkwandai | *skrinkwaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *skrankw | *skrunkį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *skranht | *skrunkīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *skrankw | *skrunkī | |||
| 1st dual | *skrunkū | *skrunkīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *skrunkudiz | *skrunkīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *skrunkum | *skrunkīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *skrunkud | *skrunkīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *skrunkun | *skrunkīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *skrinkwandz | *skrunkanaz | |||
Derived terms
- *skrankijaną
Descendants
- Old English: sċrincan
- Middle English: schrynken, schrinke, schryngke, schrynke, schrynkyn, shrincke, shrinke, shrinken; scrinkin
- English: shrink
- Scots: scrink
- Middle English: schrynken, schrinke, schryngke, schrynke, schrynkyn, shrincke, shrinke, shrinken; scrinkin
- Old Dutch: *skrinkan
- Middle Dutch: *schrinken
- Dutch: schrinken
- Middle Dutch: *schrinken
- Old Norse: *skrykkva, *skrøkkva
- Norwegian: skrøkka
- Old Swedish: skrunkin (attested as past participle)
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*skrinkwan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 448
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*skrenkwanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 344