< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skrepaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *skrebʰ- (“to scratch, to engrave”). The current form with -p- was influenced by the iteratives, the presumed primary form *skrebaną (“to scratch”) is unattested. Related to *skerpaną and *skerbaną (“to scratch”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈskre.pɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*skrepaną[1][2]
- to scratch, scrape
Inflection
Conjugation of *skrepaną (strong class 5)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *skrepō | *skrepaų | — | *skrepai | *? |
| 2nd singular | *skripizi | *skrepaiz | *skrep | *skrepazai | *skrepaizau |
| 3rd singular | *skripidi | *skrepai | *skrepadau | *skrepadai | *skrepaidau |
| 1st dual | *skrepōz | *skrepaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *skrepadiz | *skrepaidiz | *skrepadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *skrepamaz | *skrepaim | — | *skrepandai | *skrepaindau |
| 2nd plural | *skripid | *skrepaid | *skripid | *skrepandai | *skrepaindau |
| 3rd plural | *skrepandi | *skrepain | *skrepandau | *skrepandai | *skrepaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *skrap | *skrēpį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *skraft | *skrēpīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *skrap | *skrēpī | |||
| 1st dual | *skrēpū | *skrēpīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *skrēpudiz | *skrēpīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *skrēpum | *skrēpīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *skrēpud | *skrēpīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *skrēpun | *skrēpīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *skrepandz | *skrepanaz | |||
Related terms
- *skrapōną
- *skrappōną
- *skrubbōną
Descendants
- West Germanic: *skrepan
- Old English: skrepan
- Old Dutch: *skrepan
- Middle Dutch: schrēpen
- Old High German: *skreffan
- Middle High German: schreffen
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*skerban- ~ *skerpan- ~ *skrepan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 444
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*skrepanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 344