< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skrappōną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
An iterative formed from Proto-Indo-European *skrebʰ- (“to scratch, to engrave”). and influenced by *skrepaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈskrɑp.pɔː.nɑ̃/
Verb
*skrappōną[1]
- to scrape, scratch
Inflection
The original paradigm likely consisted of two stem variants, *skrapp- in the singular and *skrab- in the non-singular.
Conjugation of *skrappōną (weak class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *skrappō | *skrappǭ | — | *skrappōi | *? |
| 2nd singular | *skrappōsi | *skrappōs | *skrappō | *skrappōsai | *skrappōsau |
| 3rd singular | *skrappōþi | *skrappō | *skrappōþau | *skrappōþai | *skrappōþau |
| 1st dual | *skrappōs | *skrappōw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *skrappōþiz | *skrappōþiz | *skrappōþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *skrappōmaz | *skrappōm | — | *skrappōnþai | *skrappōnþau |
| 2nd plural | *skrappōþ | *skrappōþ | *skrappōþ | *skrappōnþai | *skrappōnþau |
| 3rd plural | *skrappōnþi | *skrappōn | *skrappōnþau | *skrappōnþai | *skrappōnþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *skrappōdǭ | *skrappōdēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *skrappōdēz | *skrappōdēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *skrappōdē | *skrappōdēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *skrappōdēdū | *skrappōdēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *skrappōdēdudiz | *skrappōdēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *skrappōdēdum | *skrappōdēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *skrappōdēdud | *skrappōdēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *skrappōdēdun | *skrappōdēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *skrappōndz | *skrappōdaz | |||
Descendants
- West Germanic: *skrappōn
- Old Dutch: *scrabon, *scrabbon, *scrappon
- Middle Dutch: schrāven, schrabben, schrappen
- Dutch: schrappen
- Middle Dutch: schrāven, schrabben, schrappen
- Old High German: *skraffōn
- Middle High German: schraffen
- Old Dutch: *scrabon, *scrabbon, *scrappon
- Old Norse: skraba
- Danish: skrabe
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*skrapp/bōn- - *skarbōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 447