< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skiljaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“cut, separate”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈskil.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*skiljaną[1][2]
- to cut
- to split, divide
- to separate, distinguish
Inflection
Conjugation of *skiljaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *skiljō | *skiljaų | — | *skiljai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *skilisi | *skiljais | *skili | *skiljasai | *skiljaisau |
| 3rd singular | *skiliþi | *skiljai | *skiljaþau | *skiljaþai | *skiljaiþau |
| 1st dual | *skiljōs | *skiljaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *skiljaþiz | *skiljaiþiz | *skiljaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *skiljamaz | *skiljaim | — | *skiljanþai | *skiljainþau |
| 2nd plural | *skiliþ | *skiljaiþ | *skiliþ | *skiljanþai | *skiljainþau |
| 3rd plural | *skiljanþi | *skiljain | *skiljanþau | *skiljanþai | *skiljainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *skilidǭ | *skilidēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *skilidēz | *skilidēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *skilidē | *skilidēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *skilidēdū | *skilidēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *skilidēdudiz | *skilidēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *skilidēdum | *skilidēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *skilidēdud | *skilidēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *skilidēdun | *skilidēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *skiljandz | *skilidaz | |||
Derived terms
- >? *skiljô
- Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰 (skilja) (see below)
Descendants
- Old English: sċiellan
- ⇒ Old English: āsċiellan, āsċilian
- Old Frisian: skilla (“to fight”)
- Old Dutch: skillen
- Middle Dutch: schillen
- Dutch: schillen, schelen
- Middle Dutch: schillen
- Old Norse: skilja
- → Old English: scielian (partially)
- Middle English: skillen
- English: skill
- Scots: skylle, skill
- Middle English: skillen
- Icelandic: skilja
- Faroese: skilja
- Old Swedish: skilia
- Swedish: skilja
- Old Danish: skilia
- Danish: skille[3]
- Elfdalian: stjila[4]
- → Old English: scielian (partially)
- Gothic: *𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*skiljan) (possibly)
- ⇒ Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰 (skilja)
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*skeljanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 338
- “skille” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN