Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skaþô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kēt- (“damage, harm”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀσκηθής (askēthḗs, “intact, safe, sound”, literally “without damage”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈskɑ.θɔːː/

Noun

*skaþô m

damage, scathe
one who causes damage; injurer

Inflection

masculine an-stemDeclension of *skaþô (masculine an-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*skaþô	*skaþaniz
vocative	*skaþô	*skaþaniz
accusative	*skaþanų	*skaþanunz
genitive	*skaþiniz	*skaþanǫ̂
dative	*skaþini	*skaþammaz
instrumental	*skaþinē	*skaþammiz

Derived terms

*skaþōną
*Skaþinawjō

Related terms

*skaþiz

Descendants

Old English: sceaþa
- Middle English: schathe
Old Frisian: skatha, sketha
- Saterland Frisian: Scada
Old Saxon: skatho
- Middle Low German: schade
Old Dutch: *skatho, scatho
- Middle Dutch: scade, schade
  - Dutch: schade
Old High German: scado
- Middle High German: schade
  - Central Franconian: Schade
  - German: Schaden
  - Hunsrik: Schaade
  - Luxembourgish: Schued
  - Yiddish: שאָד‎ (shod)
- → Czech: škoda
- → Polish: szkoda
- → Serbo-Croatian: škȍda, шко̏да
- → Slovak: škoda
Old Norse: skaði
- Icelandic: skaði
- Faroese: skaði
- Norwegian: skade
- Old Swedish: skaþi
  - Swedish: skada, skade
- Old Danish: skathi
  - Danish: skade
- → Middle English: scathe, skathe
  - Scots: scath, scaith, skaith, schath, schaith
  - English: scath, scathe