< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skammaz
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱem- (“mutilated, hornless”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈskɑm.mɑz/
Adjective
*skammaz
- short; blunt; stunted
Inflection
Declension of *skammaz (a-stem)
Strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | *skammaz | *skammai | *skammō | *skammôz | *skammą, -atō | *skammō |
Accusative | *skammanǭ | *skammanz | *skammǭ | *skammōz | *skammą, -atō | *skammō |
Genitive | *skammas, -is | *skammaizǫ̂ | *skammaizōz | *skammaizǫ̂ | *skammas, -is | *skammaizǫ̂ |
Dative | *skammammai | *skammaimaz | *skammaizōi | *skammaimaz | *skammammai | *skammaimaz |
Instrumental | *skammanō | *skammaimiz | *skammaizō | *skammaimiz | *skammanō | *skammaimiz |
Weak declension | ||||||
Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | *skammô | *skammaniz | *skammǭ | *skammōniz | *skammô | *skammōnō |
Accusative | *skammanų | *skammanunz | *skammōnų | *skammōnunz | *skammô | *skammōnō |
Genitive | *skamminiz | *skammanǫ̂ | *skammōniz | *skammōnǫ̂ | *skamminiz | *skammanǫ̂ |
Dative | *skammini | *skammammaz | *skammōni | *skammōmaz | *skammini | *skammammaz |
Instrumental | *skamminē | *skammammiz | *skammōnē | *skammōmiz | *skamminē | *skammammiz |
Derived terms
- *skammatjaną
- *skammį̄
- *skammijaną
- *skammijǭ
Descendants
- Old English: *sċamm
- ⇒ Old English: sċōmhylt, sċoomhylti (possibly)
- Old High German: skam, scam
- Old Norse: skammr
- Icelandic: skammur
- Faroese: skammur
- Old Swedish: skamber
- Swedish: skam (obsolete)
- Norwegian: skam (obsolete)
- Old Danish: skam
- ⇒ Old Norse: skamt
- → Middle English: scant
- English: scant
- Scots: skant, scant
- → Middle English: scant