< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skakkōną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Pre-Germanic *skoknéh₂-, an iterative to *skehaną (“to move quickly”), *skakaną (“to shake”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈskɑk.kɔː.nɑ̃/
Verb
*skakkōną
- to shake
Inflection
The original paradigm consisted of two stems, singular *skakk- against non-singular *skag-.
Conjugation of *skakkōną (weak class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *skakkō | *skakkǭ | — | *skakkōi | ? |
| 2nd singular | *skakkōsi | *skakkōs | *skakkō | *skakkōsai | *skakkōsau |
| 3rd singular | *skakkōþi | *skakkō | *skakkōþau | *skakkōþai | *skakkōþau |
| 1st dual | *skakkōs | *skakkōw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *skakkōþiz | *skakkōþiz | *skakkōþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *skakkōmaz | *skakkōm | — | *skakkōnþai | *skakkōnþau |
| 2nd plural | *skakkōþ | *skakkōþ | *skakkōþ | *skakkōnþai | *skakkōnþau |
| 3rd plural | *skakkōnþi | *skakkōn | *skakkōnþau | *skakkōnþai | *skakkōnþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *skakkōdǭ | *skakkōdēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *skakkōdēz | *skakkōdēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *skakkōdē | *skakkōdēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *skakkōdēdū | *skakkōdēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *skakkōdēdudiz | *skakkōdēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *skakkōdēdum | *skakkōdēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *skakkōdēdud | *skakkōdēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *skakkōdēdun | *skakkōdēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *skakkōndz | *skakkōdaz | |||
Related terms
- *skukkōną
Descendants
- Middle English: schaggen
- English: shag
- Middle High German: schacken
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN